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The seventh playing

The Letter

Thursday 14 January to Monday 18 January

12 August 2026

Gentlemen,

The Committee of the Rosedale Cup writes concerning the seventh playing, over the federal holiday in January 2027. The field arrives Thursday the fourteenth and departs Monday the eighteenth. Play is eighteen holes on Friday, thirty-six on Saturday, and eighteen on Sunday.

Three fields are offered for the Cup. Paper I is Jupiter and Palm Beach Gardens, value golf at one hundred to one hundred fifty dollars a round. Paper II is Scottsdale, Cave Creek, and Fountain Hills, mid golf at two hundred to three hundred. Paper III is Orlando, Reunion Resort, mid golf in Florida with Saturday thirty-six on the same property. All three remain live. No house is reserved. No tee time is booked.

Two of the party travel from California and are treated as chairs for the purpose of routing. The rest come from New York, Boston, North Carolina, and elsewhere. Palm Springs is withdrawn. Los Cabos is declined on the price of public golf. The Pacific Northwest is declined on January weather.

Gentlemen of the Cup are asked to write Bennett with a preference of field.


The Rosedale Cup Committee

Order of the Cup

The Programme

Thursday 14 January to Monday 18 January

  1. Thursday

    14 January 2027

    Arrival

    The house. Dinner. The Cup is not yet in play.

  2. Friday

    15 January

    Eighteen holes. The draft at night.

    Opening round of VII. Teams are picked Friday night at the house.

  3. Saturday

    16 January

    Thirty-six holes

    One campus, carts. Morning and afternoon from the same lot, or a hop of fifteen to twenty minutes, as the paper requires.

  4. Sunday

    17 January

    Eighteen holes

    The closing round of VII. Evening at the house.

  5. Monday

    18 January

    Departure

    Martin Luther King Day. Homeward in the morning.

A paper from the drawer

The Problem

Erdős #348

Status: OPEN. Official (m, n) = (2, 3) remains open. No witness. Theorem LN is not claimed. Not a solution. Committee notes v5–v22, August 2026.

Nothing below is offered as a solution of Erdős #348. The official case (m, n) = (2, 3) remains OPEN. LN is not claimed. No sequence is exhibited as weakly 2-robust and ∀-3-fragile. What is recorded is a multi-day computational-and-lemma attack, notes v5 through v22: theorems that close families, identities that locate leftovers, and two complementary refutations of Restore-W. Census numbers are taken from those notes. Nothing is invented.

What was proved, not merely attempted. Theorem 1: no unbounded 2-Brown sequence is ∀-3-fragile. Theorem L-cons: consecutive H and unbounded weakly complete never-C imply extraH = 0 infinitely often. Frozen-g-die: a frozen least extra cannot last forever under WC never-C. Climb-shrink, Room-1, Type-iii finite: a strict climb that does not fill g strictly decreases room, so a type-iii burst is finite. Remaining-W, Fill-W-item, Post-W, W-chase finite: remW-migrate lasts at most |Δ| jumps. Extra-set locates leftovers after Pal-then-b (containment, not a Lyapunov). Peel-finite: a consecutive near block peels one per last+1. Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies: the family [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 dies (n=6 restore, n≥7 FIRE). Finite chains of length ~√n are not a witness. CE-blocked-by-near: if remW survives, a fresh c+E cannot be the least extra. Unique-mid and Fill-2a-singleton-restores: Pal leftover extraN=1 at 2a restores on filling that singleton. Stay0: greedy Pal a=S−L+1 is a never-C option whenever last ≥ L.

What is dead as a source of examples, on the hunted pools, and in some cases as theorems. 2-Brown sequences. Complete H={1, 2} never-C. Consecutive H unbounded WC never-C. Frozen g. Type-iii climbs. remW-migrate. [2, n, n+2] Pal-then-+1. Pal leftover-2a extraN=1. Sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67, FIRE extraN=2). Algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover on 2, 5, 8+9). Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (Two-n peel, witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]) and then FIRE. The Pal-pool chain-2 cap was an artefact, not a bound.

What remains. Migrate infinitely often without firing C, after remW is empty: extraN>1 leftovers, Post-W c+H, never-hit-Pal starts. Skip-bounded (1, 2). Zero 1s. Official (2, 3) is still open. This page is the grind, written out.

Status: OPEN

Official (2, 3) OPEN on erdosproblems.com (accessed 2026-08-13). No sequence in this paper is a witness of official (m, n) = (2, 3). Theorem LN is not claimed for incomplete H. Two-1s are not negatively settled. Zero-1s are open. Skip-bounded weak (1, 2) from a2 ≥ 2 is open. This is a grind log, not a posted solution. No fake solve.

What has shine: Frozen-g cannot last; Type-iii is finite; Extra-set locates leftovers after a second jump and is not a death; Pal-pool “max chain 2” was an artefact, not a bound; live migrate-chain ≥3 exists on Two-n and then FIRE; the plus1 family is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*); remW-survives cannot make fresh c+E the least extra (CE-blocked-by-near); leftover-2a singleton and unique-mid fill-g restore (Midpoint-singleton-restores / Fill-2a-singleton-restores). What does not: extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty, Post-W c+H, never-hit-Pal, skip-bounded (1, 2), zero-1s. Official still open.

Chronicle, v5 through v22

Each version proved something, killed something, or left a named hole. Census numbers are those of that hunt, not mixed across pools.

verproved / killedleft
v5Theorem 1: no unbounded 2-Brown sequence with three 1s is ∀-3-fragile. Forum / Narayana / all2 dead as official (2, 3).Unbounded 2-Brown-deficit sliver (frozen 2-holes, every 3-deletion growing).
v6Lemma A (1-robust ⇒ λ→∞); Lemma B (a 2-Brown failure is a permanent hole for that pair); extra=C threshold (C≤1 heals two-1s+late; C≥2 already 2-fragile).Interval-growth caveat: leftover →∞ is not weak completeness (Fib minus two 1s).
v7Lemmas C–E (interval growth, tail absorption, leftover + H∪mirrors ⇒ certificate); Lemma G (gcd / odds); conditional Theorem 2.Drop H∪mirrors off overlap; zero-1 and one-1 hunts.
v8Lemma A′ (no a1=1); F / F1 / F2 (palindrome; overlap forces H∪mirrors); greedy-from-2 closed form (λ≡2, not 1-robust).“Leave overlap before λ=2L”; weak (1, 2) from a2≥2.
v9Gate (that window is finite); Skip-B; Theorem N / Nwin; CW; F3; L2 prefix.extraH>0 forever; (1, 2) from ≥2.
v10Fill-trap (L=2); L2-cycle; Theorem L2∞ / L2N; Trap (C + skip leftover →∞ ⇒ not ∀-2); Inc / BI.L≥3 Pal-cycle; incomplete H.
v11FT-L; Pal-L; Pal-add; plateau-fail; L∞-cycle for complete H.Incomplete H. LN not claimed for general H.
v12Theorem L-cons re-proved (consecutive H ⇒ extraH=0 i.o.). Cons-g / Cons-window refuted (994 checks, 144 fails).Incomplete / max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH>0-forever. LN not claimed.
v13Lemma Δ (extras = a+Δ, later 132/132; v12’s 82 bads were a filter); Climb-window; Δ-empty; Climb-fire sufficient not uniform. fillW 132/132 on that pool.Pal then fillW as a theorem for every incomplete H.
v14Stay0 (greedy legal). Sequential Restore-W FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Algebraic Restore-W FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9). Low-solid / 2a-crit / 2a-next.Refuse-fill / leftover 2a / never-hit-Pal.
v15What fills 2a: the term 2a itself. Algebraic fill-g MIGRATE=0 on scanned leftovers. never-C fillW FIRE 14/109 OPEN 0.Climb OPEN; never-Pal incomplete starts.
v16Climb-fill; Climb-shrink (87/87); Room-1; Type-iii finite (iii-SHRINK ≤ δ−1). Pal pool 108. iv-MIGRATE 12 one-steps, DFS-die. true-never-at-cap 0.Leftovers after filling g (room can grow). 47 room=1 fill leftovers.
v17Frozen-g-die (theorem). Mig-set 369/369. Extra-set 73/73 and 900/900. Near-Δ 108/108. Remaining-W / Fill-W-item 792/792. Post-W 11/11. W-chase finite. (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g. Pal-pool live chain_max 2, chain≥3=0 — a Pal-pool artefact, not a bound.Migrate i.o. High extras after Post-W. Extra-set not a death.
v18Extra-set containment (369/369 and 888/888), not a Lyapunov. Band-solid. Near-Δ-k. No-interior-if-solid-below-δ. Type-A-peel-identity. Two-n family. Peel-finite (near migrates ≤|Δ|). FOUND live migrate-chain ≥4 then FIRE (n=16 live 4; n=20 live 5; n=24 live 6). Kill “max chain 2” as a remaining-gap bound. forever_np=0. High-jump live 0 on Type A. c+E as live new least extra 0 on that hunt.Is Pal-then-+1 extraH>0-forever for large n? Extra-set c+E as least extra in general?
v19Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies. Lemma Gap-r (1656/1656). Death at t*(n). Census Pal-then-+1 vs t* 117/117 (n=6..120, 150, 200). n=6 RESTORE; n≥7 FIRE at t*. plus1 family dead as a theorem. Finite chains growing in n are not a witness (n=16 n_live=5 FIRE; n=40 n_live=10; n=60 n_live=13). Extra-set 329/329; c+E-as-g 0.Migrate i.o. other than Two-n Pal-then-+1. leftover-2a fill-g as a theorem.
v20leftover-2a location / h*-not-in-Δ / 2aH-in-P″ (theorems). Fill-2a-restores given extras-are-pair + SH-preimage. Hunt union 543 / Pal+b 2312: unique leftover-2a 13, fill-g RESTORE 13/13. extraN=2 partner-peel then fill 4/4. Pal high-jump live not leftover-2a: 0. Lemma CE-blocked-by-near (remW survives ⇒ fresh c+E cannot be least extra; TOTAL live g∈c+E = 0 on Pal-108 / expanded / Two-n leftovers). oldE-high fill-g LIVE 17 (never-Pal, not leftover-2a), DFS fnp=0 cm=3.extras-are-pair / SH-preimage not identities for every H. leftover-2a extraN>2 unseen on that hunt. never-Pal.
v21Lemma Unique-extra-is-mid (44/44). Unique-mid-FILL-G-restores for x≥2L−1 (14/14). Pal-108 remW-emptying 242 = RESTORE 237 + LIVE 5 Unique-mid, those 5 ALL-OPTS fnp=0 cm=0. Post-W 11 = 8 Unique-mid + 3 pair; pair FILL-G 3/3; pair-migrate fnp=0. Unique-mid FILL-BELOW 106/106 restore (census, not a theorem). family+others emptying LIVE 32 / OTHER 12 not Unique-mid.OTHER 12 remW-emptying LIVE. FILL-BELOW as a lemma. Unique-mid x<2L−1.
v22Lemma Palindrome-midpoint. Lemma Midpoint-singleton-restores (g≥2L−1). Corollary Fill-2a-singleton-restores. Pal+b leftover-2a ⇒ h*=0 or h*∉H. leftover-2a singleton after remW empty is a theorem (fill restores or Frozen-g-die FIREs/plateaus). Pal-legal union 378. remW-emptying LIVE unique 33, fill-g RESTORE 33/33, DFS fnp=0 chain_max=1. Pal+b leftover-2a 12/12. Post-W 12/12 and 4/4 c+H migrates. LIVE5 5/5. fresh c+E live new g 0. extraN>1 remW-emptying 12/12 census restore, extraN=3 exists, pair identity fails off Pal+b — not a theorem.Honest remaining gap: extraN>1 leftover after remW empty; Post-W c+H; never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Not a solution. Official OPEN. LN not claimed.

Shine, in one line: the grind found arbitrarily long finite migrate chains that FIRE; killed the plus1 family as a theorem; blocked c+E as least extra while remW lives; and restored leftover-2a / unique-mid when the leftover is a singleton. It did not close extraN>1 after remW dies, Post-W c+H in general, never-hit-Pal, skip-bounded (1, 2), or zero-1s. Official (2, 3) remains open.

Version by version

The table above is the index. The paragraphs below are the grind. Each note proved something, killed a family, or left a named hole. Status at every version: official (2, 3) unsolved. LN not claimed. No posted solution.

v5. Brown leftovers and Theorem 1

The first note that survives in this drawer sets the language. Weak completeness, m-robustness, n-fragility, universal quantifiers on both sides. Brown leftover λn and 2-Brown leftover δn. Lemma A / A′: weakly 1-robust forces λn → ∞ (with or without a1 = 1). Lemma B: a 2-Brown failure of size D is a permanent hole for that pair. Theorem 1: no unbounded 2-Brown sequence is ∀-3-fragile. Deleting two 1s plus a late term leaves a remainder that still satisfies Brown. Computational check on named 2-Brown families: 40/40, 38/38, 32/32 Brown-OK on the logged prefixes. Forum multiplicity, Narayana, extra = −1, all2 fall under the theorem. This is a real negative, not a hunt. It is not official (2, 3): the remaining sliver is sequences that fail 2-Brown at some pair while staying 2-robust.

v6. The extra=C threshold

Constant-extra families from three 1s. Extra = 0 is Narayana (2-Brown). Extra = +1 is the greedy sequence 1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, … with tail identity an = an−1 + an−4. Extra = C threshold: C = 1 frozen (two 1s + late heals); C ≥ 2 GROW (not 2-robust). No integer lies between. Extra = +1 still has healing triples computationally. The interval-growth idea is sketched: a long enough solid run plus a small next term fires a certificate. Not a proof. Official OPEN.

v7. Interval certificate and two 1s

Lemma C (interval growth): a solid interval of length ≥ a absorbs the next term. Lemma D (tail absorption). Lemma E: leftover + H ∪ mirrors yields a certificate when the leftover is large enough. Theorem 2: two 1s plus a late term, conditionally healing, when a Lemma-C prefix exists and skip leftover is large. This is the first two-1s negative that is not 2-Brown. It is conditional. Official OPEN.

v8. Overlap, greedy-from-2, regimes

Theorem 2′: weaker conditional two-1s negative in the overlap case. Lemma F / F1 / F2: palindrome; overlap / no-middle forces H ∪ mirrors. Regime A (overlap / no-middle) versus Regime B (next ≤ S/2). Greedy-from-2 closed form: never certifies 1-robustness because λ is bounded (the A′ counterexample). Extra = C first-hole table. Still no official witness. Official OPEN.

v9. Gate, palindrome, L=2

Gate lemmas. Palindromic prefixes. Lemma L2: L = 2 weakly complete no-1s prefix is 2, 3, 4 or 2k, 3. Skip leftover identity. The L = 2 case begins to look finite. Official OPEN.

v10. Fill-trap and never-C

Fill-trap: filling extras can lengthen a run past remaining holes and fire C. Lemma L2-never-C. Theorem N is sketched: extraH = 0 never-C forces lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1. Never-C sequences (Lemma C never fires) become the remaining object. Official OPEN.

v11. Theorem N, extraH=0, DFS

Theorem N / Nwin: extraH = 0 infinitely often, never-C, implies lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1, hence not 1-robust. Complete H = {1, 2} never-C is closed. DFS extra0-hit 4478/4478 on the logged trees: every searched never-C walk hits extraH = 0. Lemma CW / BI: extraH>0 never-C + WC ⇒ first extra hole in [a, a+L − 1]. This is a theorem, not a census, for extraH = 0 i.o. Incomplete H remains. Official OPEN.

v12. Consecutive H and Lemma Δ

Theorem L-cons: consecutive H, unbounded WC never-C ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o. Consecutive H is closed. Cons-window census: 144/994 fails on a raw window filter (later seen as a filter, not a counterexample). Lemma Δ begins: extras after Pal λ = L live in a+Δ. Climb is tried as an escape and is not uniformly FIRE. Named-start open_fates = 0 is one family, not a lemma. Official OPEN. LN not claimed for incomplete H.

v13. Δ set equality, Climb-window, fillW

Lemma Δ set equality: extras after Pal are exactly a+Δ, census 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a low-window filter). Δ-empty restores Pal 18/18 in a later pool, 8/8 in another. Climb-window 132/132. fillW after Pal λ = L restores 132/132 on that generated pool. That pool missed a FIRE family. Climb-before-fill: FIRE=27 / RESTORE=10 / OPEN=60 / no-climb-room=63. POST-CLIMB OPEN-sum=580. Climb-fire is sufficient, not uniform. Official OPEN.

v14. Stay0; Restore-W FALSE twice

Lemma Stay0 (Greedy-available): extraH = 0, last ≥ L, never-C nonempty ⇒ Pal a = S − L + 1 is a never-C option. Census greedy-in 513/513 (this hunt, S < 8000); 254/254 fillg census; a larger pool 22850/22850.

Sequential Restore-W is FALSE. Witness: 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67. Pal then fillW FIREs with extraN=2, longest=127. Mechanism: Δ contains a consecutive pair {1, 2}; filling a+1, a+2 lengthens a run past remaining extras. 3, 8, 9-family: 1221 pals, sequential greedy fillW RESTORE=743 FIRE=478 OPEN=0. Algebraic add of W restores on that family (1221/1221).

Algebraic Restore-W is FALSE. Witness: 2, 5, 8+9, leftover {18} = {2a}. Minkowski P′+⟨W⟩ does not restore extraH = 0. Continued fillg on this witness restores (+12,+18). Eight realized 2a-fails, all restore on adding 2a as a term. The two refutations are complementary: sequential FIRE on a family that algebraically restores; algebraic leftover on a family that sequentially restores. Neither “add W then extraH = 0” nor “fillg then extraH = 0” is a theorem for every frozen H. Official OPEN. LN not claimed.

v15. Fill-g after Pal

Fill-g (always take current least extra when legal) after Pal: census 122/122 restore-or-FIRE, OPEN=0 on that pool. The eight 2a-fails restore on +2a. Fill-g is not uniformly restore (v14 leftover 2a already). Official OPEN.

v16. Climb-fill, Climb-shrink, Room-1, Type-iii finite

Pal pool this hunt: 108 extraH = 0 never-C prefixes with Δ ≠ ∅, S ≥ 2L. Lemma Climb-fill: whether interior b = a+k fills g is read off δ − k ∈ P′. Lemma Climb-shrink: a strict climb that does not fill g strictly decreases room. Room-1: room 1 forces fill or FIRE or plateau. Type-iii finite: iii-SHRINK chains ≤ δ − 1. Types on the 108: PLATEAU-1 108 / i-RESTORE 54 / iii-SHRINK 76 / FILL-G 108 / ii-FIRE 11 / iv-MIGRATE 12. Climb-shrink census 87/87. Refuse-fill OPEN=0, forever_np=0. iv-MIGRATE 12 one-steps, not a witness. Room can grow (5→10, 6→12): Climb-shrink is not a global Lyapunov. Official OPEN.

v17. Frozen-g-die, Remaining-W, Near-Δ

Lemma Frozen-g-die: a frozen least extra cannot last forever under WC never-C. Any extraH>0-forever WC never-C with λ → ∞ must jump g infinitely often. Lemma Near-Δ: after FILL-G, extras of P″ in [L, 2a) are a prescribed subset of a+Δ; census 108/108. Lemma Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W: extras in [L, 2a − 1] stay inside a+Δ; census 792/792. Corollary W-chase finite: remW-migrate lasts at most |Δ| jumps, then Post-W (g ≥ 2a). (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g: (⋆) holds 90/108 leftover-has-2a 0; (⋆) fails 18 leftover-has-2a 12. FILL-G leftover 70 / restore 38 / fire 0. 47 room=1 fill leftovers: STRICT 47/47 dead; fill-g chain RESTORE 22 FIRE 25 OPEN 0. G-survive 82 leftovers: forever_np=0, live chain_max 2, chain≥3=0 on Pal pool 108. That chain-2 cap is a Pal-pool artefact, not a bound. Minkowski leftover extras census 70/70 and 47/47, not a finish lemma. Official OPEN.

v18. Extra-set, Two-n, live chain ≥3

Lemma Extra-set: after Pal then b, new extras are contained in a prescribed set (containment, not a Lyapunov, not a death). Census tight 329/329, two-step 171/171; migrate-seeds 73/73; broader 888/888 and 900/900 in sister counts. Lemma Two-n: [2, n, n+2] is extraH = 0 with consecutive Δ, Pal legal, Type A peel. FOUND live migrate-chain ≥3 (not official (2, 3)). Witness: 2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. Pal-pool live chain_max=2 was a pool artefact. Longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1: n=16 live 4 then FIRE; n=20 live 5; n=24 live 6. forever_np=0. Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump and is not a death. Official OPEN. LN not claimed.

v19. Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies

The Pal-then-+1 walk on [2, n, n+2] is now a theorem, not a census of large n. n=6 restores. n≥7 FIREs at t* = 3 + ⌈(n − 4)/4⌉. Census 117/117 (n = 6..120, 150, 200). Gap-r 1656/1656. Sample: n=16, t*=7, last=25, n_live=5, extraN=14; n=40, t*=12, last=54, n_live=10, extraN=32; n=60, t*=15, last=77, n_live=13, extraN=46. Finite chains ~√n (here linear in the formula) are not a witness. This family is off the remaining-gap list. Official OPEN.

v20. Leftover-2a fill-g; CE-blocked-by-near

Leftover-2a prefixes: fill-g restores 13/13 on the logged set. CE-blocked-by-near: remW survives ⇒ fresh c+E cannot be least extra; census 905/905. The remaining hole after remW dies is high extras and c+E doubling, not a near leftover pretending to be a new least extra. Official OPEN.

v21. Unique-mid

Lemma Unique-mid: leftover extraN=1 after Pal-then-b is the midpoint S′/2. Census 44/44. Unique-mid FILL-G 14/14. Pal-108 remW-emptying: restore 237 plus 5 LIVE Unique-mid. Those 5 are not extraH>0-forever; they are leftover-2a extraN=1 waiting to be filled. Official OPEN.

v22. Fill-2a-singleton-restores

Lemma Fill-2a-singleton-restores: Pal leftover extras exactly {2a} restores on filling that singleton. Pal+b leftover-2a extraN=1: 12/12. LIVE5 fill-g: 5/5. remW-emptying LIVE: 33 (2 leftover-2a + 31 c+E). Leftover-2a extraN=1 is closed as a Pal leftover class. ExtraN>1 leftover-2a and the 31 c+E LIVE are not a theorem. Never-hit-Pal and extraH-start fill-g LIVE remain hunts. Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. LN not claimed. No witness.

Lemmas catalog

Named statements from the notes, in the order they earn their keep. Census figures are from the attempt notes. A census is not a theorem unless the row says so. Official (2, 3) is not among them.

NameWhat it saysStatus
A / A′Weakly 1-robust ⇒ λn → ∞Theorem
B2-Brown failure of size D is a permanent holeTheorem
Theorem 1No unbounded 2-Brown sequence is ∀-3-fragileTheorem
C, D, EInterval growth; tail absorption; leftover + H∪mirrors ⇒ certificateTheorem
Theorem 2 / 2′Two 1s + late, conditional healing (overlap / C-prefix / extraH=0 i.o.)Conditional
F / F1 / F2 / F3 / F3B / F5Palindrome; overlap; no-middle; B+extraH=0; B-ultrafast cannot persistTheorem
K / K2Skip leftover identity; free and →∞ in BTheorem
N / NwinextraH=0 i.o. never-C ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 2L−1Theorem
CW / BI / IncextraH>0 never-C + WC ⇒ first extra in [a, a+L−1]; increment ≤ L−1Theorem
L2 / L2-cycle / L2∞ / L2NL=2 prefix, cycle, unbounded WC never-C ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 3Theorem
L-cons / LNConsecutive H, unbounded WC never-C ⇒ extraH=0 i.o.Theorem. LN not claimed for incomplete H
TrapC + skip leftover →∞ ⇒ not ∀-2Theorem
ΔExtras after Pal λ=L are exactly a+ΔTheorem. Census 132/132
Stay0Greedy Pal a=S−L+1 is a never-C option (last ≥ L)Theorem. 513/513
Sequential Restore-WPal then fillW restores extraH=0FALSE. Witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67
Algebraic Restore-WMinkowski P′+⟨W⟩ restores extraH=0FALSE. 2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9
Climb-fill / Climb-shrink / Room-1 / Type-iii finiteInterior fill criterion; room drops on unfilled climb; type-iii burst finiteTheorem. Shrink 87/87
Frozen-g-dieFrozen least extra cannot last forever under WC never-CTheorem
Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W / W-chase finiteremW ⊆ a+Δ; remW-migrate ≤ |Δ| then g≥2aTheorem. 792/792
Near-Δ / Near-fill / Peel-finite / Solid-below-δFILL-G leftover identity; consecutive peel; no interior migrate if [1,δ)⊆HTheorem. Near-Δ 108/108
Extra-set / Mig-setNew extras after Pal-then-b lie in a prescribed setContainment, not a Lyapunov. 329/329, 171/171
Two-n / Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r[2, n, n+2] Pal-then-+1 dies (n=6 restore, n≥7 FIRE)Theorem. 117/117, Gap-r 1656/1656
CE-blocked-by-nearremW survives ⇒ fresh c+E cannot be least extraTheorem. 905/905
Unique-mid / Fill-2a-singleton-restoresextraN=1 leftover is S′/2; filling {2a} restoresTheorem. 44/44, 12/12, LIVE5 5/5

1. The problem

A sequence A = {a1 ≤ a2 ≤ ⋯} of positive integers is complete (in the intended, weak sense) if every sufficiently large positive integer is a sum of distinct terms of A. Equivalently: the set P(A) of distinct-term subset sums of A contains all but finitely many positive integers. Finitely many exceptions are allowed. Strong completeness asks that every positive integer, not merely every sufficiently large one, lie in P(A).

On finite prefixes the distinction is visible in the subset-sum bitset. Write σN for the sum of the first N terms. The missing set in {1, …, σN} splits into a finite interior set in {1, …, ⌊σN/2⌋} and traveling high-end mirrors σN − x of those interior misses. The remainder is weakly complete if and only if the interior missing set stays bounded as N → ∞. High-end mirrors are ignored.

T. F. Bloom’s statement of Erdős #348 (Erdős–Graham 1980), quoted from the problem page and its LaTeX source, is as follows.

For what values of 0 ≤ m < n is there a complete sequence A = {a1 ≤ a2 ≤ ⋯} of integers such that

— A remains complete after removing any m elements, but

— A is not complete after removing any n elements?

The word “any” is used in parallel for m and for n. The Lean formalisation writes both quantifiers as universal:

∀ s, |s| = m → IsAddComplete( … ),
∀ t, |t| = n → ¬ IsAddComplete( … ).

Bloom’s “any” is therefore ∀, not ∃. Completeness throughout is the weak one. Strong completeness is already impossible for all 2 ≤ m < n (Brown–Weiss, On N-sequences, Math. Mag. 44 (1971); van Doorn).

Call a complete sequence m-robust if it remains weakly complete after every deletion of m terms, and n-fragile if it fails to be weakly complete after every deletion of n terms. Official #348 asks for an (m, n)-pair: m-robust and n-fragile, both universal. A strictly weaker reading, used below as a search target and not as the problem, is ∃-n-fragile: some (not every) n-deletion leaves unbounded missing sums.

2. Known cases

Two infinite examples are classical, and they fix the meaning of “any.”

Powers of 2 give (m, n) = (0, 1). The sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, … is complete: every positive integer has a unique binary expansion. After any one deletion the missing power of 2 leaves an arithmetic progression of holes. In particular the sequence is not even 1-robust. This is the Brown–Weiss 1-sequence at the weak level.

Fibonacci gives (m, n) = (1, 2), because every 2-deletion fails. Write F1 = F2 = 1 and Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2, so

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, … .

Slack when adding Fn+1 is exactly Fn. The sequence survives deleting any one term (slack 0 in the worst case) and remains strongly complete. After any two deletions, Graham’s argument produces infinitely many missing values of the shape Fs+k+1 − 1. This is not a statement about a particular pair of 1s. Among the first ten Fibonacci terms, all 45 pairs have growing interior miss; early gaps persist at fraction 1. After deleting both 1s, prefix miss counts run 986, 6764, 46367, 317810 at lengths 16, 20, 24, 28. Positive tail slack does not fill the propagating holes. Fibonacci is therefore 1-robust and 2-fragile in the official, universal sense — the same ∀ that Bloom wrote for both m and n.

Graham’s sequence sn = Fn − (−1)n (Fibonacci Quart. 2 (1964)) is weakly complete after any finite deletion and incomplete after any infinite deletion. van Doorn’s sign variant Fn + (−1)n is the same kind of object. Graham is too robust for (2, 3): it cannot fail after three deletions. A (2, 3) witness would have to sit strictly between Fibonacci and Graham.

3. Brown’s criterion

Brown’s criterion is the standard test for strong completeness of a nondecreasing sequence of positive integers: if a1 = 1 and

ak+1 ≤ 1 + ∑i ≤ k ai

for every k, then every positive integer is a subset sum. For nondecreasing positive sequences the inequality is also necessary, and is equivalent to the subset sums of each prefix covering {1, …, ∑ a}. Slack at step k is 1 + σk − ak+1.

After a fixed deletion one cannot read Brown failure at a single index as weak incompleteness. Slack may resume, and a single hole may remain a finite exception. Weak incompleteness requires an unbounded missing set: Fibonacci-style gap propagation, a gcd > 1 obstruction, or a modular gap of Cassels type. Conversely, Brown slack eventually positive is not enough by itself — Fibonacci after two deletions has huge positive tail slack and still infinitely many gaps.

A finite sequence is 2-redundant when every 2-deletion remains Brown-complete, and 3-redundant when every 3-deletion does. Necessity for 2-redundancy: at least three 1s, and for each later term at ≤ 1 + St−1 − M1 − M2, where M1, M2 are the two largest among the prefix of length t − 1. Write Sn−1 = ∑i < n ai, and let M1(n−1) ≥ M2(n−1) ≥ M3(n−1) be the three largest terms of the prefix of length n − 1. The 2-Brown leftover is

δn = 1 + Sn−1 − M1(n−1) − M2(n−1) − an.

If δn ≥ 0 for every n and A starts with three 1s, every 2-deletion is strongly complete (Brown’s criterion on the remainder). The 3-Brown leftover is δn − M3(n−1). Finite 2-redundant, not 3-redundant sequences exist (the greedy four-one certificate (1,1,1,1,3,4,5,8,12,17,25,37) among others). They do not lift: a finite Brown gap in the tail of an infinite sequence can heal. Moreover there is no finite Brown-complete sequence of length L ≥ 4 for which every 3-deletion is incomplete — the prefix of length L − 3 is Brown-complete, and it is exactly the sequence with the last three terms deleted.

4. Theorem: no 2-Brown sequence is ∀-3-fragile

The following is a negative theorem inside the 2-Brown class (the class that includes forum multiplicity, Narayana, and every thickening of Fibonacci values that stays 2-redundant). It is not a solution of official #348. Full nonexistence over all weakly 2-robust sequences is not claimed.

Theorem Let A = (an)n ≥ 1 be nondecreasing, unbounded, with a1 = a2 = a3 = 1, and δn ≥ 0 for every n ≥ 3. Then A is not ∀-3-fragile: there exists R such that for every r ≥ R, the remainder A ∖ {a1, a2, ar} is strongly complete.

Proof The remainder is nondecreasing and starts with the surviving 1. Brown’s criterion is necessary and sufficient for strong completeness of such sequences, so it is enough to check bj+1 ≤ 1 + ∑i ≤ j bi at every term b of the remainder. Equivalently, for each original index t ∉ {1, 2, r} (1-based: the two deleted 1s and the late term),

at ≤ 1 + St−1 − Dt−1,

where Dt−1 is the sum of those deleted terms that lie in the prefix of length t − 1.

If t < r, then Dt−1 = 2. 2-Brown gives at ≤ 1 + St−1 − M1 − M2, so the remainder leftover is at least M1 + M2 − 2 ≥ 0.

The index t = r is deleted.

If t > r, then Dt−1 = 2 + ar. 2-Brown gives remainder leftover at least M1(t−1) + M2(t−1) − ar − 2. For t = r + 1 the prefix of length r is nondecreasing, so M1 ≥ ar and M2 ≥ ar−1. The leftover is then at least ar−1 − 2. Choose R large enough that ar−1 ≥ 2 (possible because A is unbounded). For t > r + 1, M1 + M2 only grows. □

Corollary Forum multiplicity, Narayana / greedy 2-Brown (extra = 0), extra = −1, doubled Fibonacci values (all2), and every other sequence with δn ≥ 0 everywhere, are not official (2, 3) witnesses. The healing 3-deletions are explicit: two 1s plus any sufficiently late term.

Python check, Brown of the full remainder (not just a prefix):

sequence2-Brown negsdels (0, 1, r)Brown-OK
forum-std, r = 10..490/7840 remainders40/40
forum-std, dels (0, 5, r)0/7838 remainders38/38
Narayana, r = 8..390/4832 remainders32/32

Bitset interior miss for forum two 1s + late ar ∈ {13, 55, 144, 610, 6765, 196418} is 0 through N = 44. Narayana the same through N = 40.

This is the weak analogue, inside the 2-Brown class, of Brown–Weiss’s theorem that strong 2-sequences do not exist. Their argument used infinitely many exact Brown jumps after a 1-deletion; here a single pair of small deletions already leaves a remainder that satisfies Brown at every later index, so a third late deletion cannot even create a hole.

Fibonacci escapes the theorem because it is not 2-Brown: δn = −Fn−2 → −∞. Leftover after two 1s plus a late Fr is ∼ −Fr < 0, Brown fails, and the φ-tail propagates. That is exactly why Fibonacci is the official (1, 2) witness and not a 2-robust sequence.

The theorem does not prove that no weakly 2-robust sequence is ∀-3-fragile. The remaining sliver is sequences with infn δn = −∞ (unbounded 2-Brown failures) whose 2-deletion holes nevertheless freeze. That sliver is hunted in §5 and continued in §6. Official #348 remains open.

5. The remaining sliver

Write Sn−1 = ∑i < n ai and λn = 1 + Sn−1 − an for ordinary Brown leftover. The 2-Brown leftover of §3 is then δn = λn − M1(n−1) − M2(n−1). The theorem of §4 kills the class δn ≥ 0 everywhere with three 1s: two 1s plus any late term is strongly complete. extra = +1 is the bounded-deficit interpolant (δn = −1): 2-deletions freeze (inherited miss {2}), two 1s + late still freeze, consecutive 3-deletions grow. Not ∀-3.

The sliver is everything else that could still be 2-robust: infn δn = −∞ (unbounded 2-Brown deficit); every 2-deletion has frozen (finite) interior miss; every 3-deletion has unbounded miss. Sequences with only two 1s (a1 = a2 = 1, a3 ≥ 2) are hunted as well. Nothing in this section is a solution of official #348. Full nonexistence over all weakly 2-robust sequences is not claimed.

Lemma A — weakly 1-robust ⇒ λn → ∞

Lemma A Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, a1 = 1. If lim infn λn = L < ∞, then A is not weakly 1-robust.

Proof Pick an index j with aj > L (possible since A is unbounded). The remainder B = A ∖ {aj} still starts with 1. For every n > j,

1 + (∑i < n, i ≠ j ai) − an = λn − aj.

The lim inf of this leftover is L − aj < 0, so Brown fails at infinitely many indices of B. Each failure at index n with leftover −D < 0 permanently misses the D integers in (S′n−1, an), because later terms are ≥ an. These misses sit at unbounded locations. B is not weakly complete. □

Corollary Weakly 2-robust ⇒ weakly 1-robust (subset sums only shrink) ⇒ λn → ∞.

Python, 1-deletions of late terms: Fibonacci / extra = +1 / Narayana all have λn → ∞ and 1-deletion interior miss 0. Powers of 2 have λn = 0 constantly; every 1-deletion is GROW-PERSIST (interior miss 64, 256, 16384 after deleting the 1). That is the lemma in both directions. Powers of 2 are the sharp counterexample when λ is bounded.

This is the weak shadow of Brown–Weiss: a strong 1-sequence must have infinitely many exact Brown jumps λn = 0; those jumps already forbid even 1-robustness in the weak sense unless they stop. Weak 1-robustness forces ordinary slack to run off to infinity.

Lemma A′ — weakly 1-robust ⇒ λn → ∞, no a1 = 1

Lemma A′ Let A be nondecreasing and unbounded. If lim infn λn = L < ∞, then A is not weakly 1-robust.

Proof Same as Lemma A, without using a1 = 1. Pick j with aj > L. On B = A ∖ {aj}, leftover at indices n > j is λn − aj, lim inf L − aj < 0. Each failure of size D permanently misses D integers in (S′n−1, an), at unbounded locations. □

Lemma A stated a1 = 1. The arithmetic never used it. In particular: a weakly 2-robust sequence (with or without 1s) is weakly 1-robust, hence λn → ∞. Python: greedy-from-2 has λ ≡ 2; every tested 1-deletion GROW-PERSIST (imiss 64, 16384, …). All-integers-from-2 has λ → ∞ and 1-dels FROZEN. Powers of 2 from 2 have λ ≡ −1 and 1-dels GROW.

Lemma B — a 2-Brown failure is a permanent hole for that pair

Lemma B Let A be nondecreasing, n ≥ 3, δn = −D < 0, and let ap, aq be the two largest terms of the prefix of length n − 1. After deleting ap and aq, the D integers Sn−1 − ap − aq + 1, …, an − 1 are not subset sums of the remainder.

Proof The prefix remainder has sum S′ = Sn−1 − ap − aq, so it cannot make anything > S′. Every later term is ≥ an > S′ + 1. Nothing in (S′, an) is representable. □

So unbounded δn means some 2-deletions (the two largest at those n) have arbitrarily large permanent holes. 2-robustness can still hold: each such pair is a different pair, and Lemma A says that for any fixed pair leftover = λn − ap − aq → ∞, so Brown eventually resumes on that remainder. The hole of size D at that scale freezes rather than spawning new frontier gaps. That is exactly the sliver shape: 2-robust via weak completeness, not strongly Brown after every 2-deletion. The sliver question is whether those frozen 2-holes can be arranged so that every 3-deletion, including two 1s + late and well-separated triples, replicates.

Threshold in the constant-extra family

Greedy an = max(an−1, 1 + Sn−1 − M1 − M2 + C) with three 1s, constant extra C. Then δn = −C for all large n (bounded deficit, not the sliver; this is the calibration).

Csequence2-dels of two 1stwo 1s + latewell-separated 3-dels2-robust?
0 (Narayana)1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, …ZEROZERO (theorem of §4)0 grow / 20 zero at N0 = 10yes, 2-Brown
+11, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, …FROZEN miss 1FROZEN miss 11 grow (prefix artefact) / 16 zeroyes, frozen holes
+21, 1, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15, …GROW 12, 25, 74, 332GROW20/20 growno
+31, 1, 1, 5, 6, 7, 12, …GROW 32, 116, 921, 17592GROW120/120 growno
+51, 1, 1, 7, 8, 9, 16, …GROW 72, 304, 2793, 57456GROW120/120 growno

Mechanism: after deleting two 1s the remainder starts 1, 1+C+1, …. Ordinary Brown leftover at that first large term is 1+1−(2+C) = −C. A hole of width C appears just above 1.

  • Width 1 (C = 1, miss {2}): copies are filled by later small slack (2+3 = 5 = 1+4). Frozen. Two 1s + late inherits the same singleton and does not replicate (leftover table: λn − 2 − an−1 → +∞, already positive at n = 6).
  • Width ≥ 2 (C ≥ 2): the block {2, …, 1+C} replicates under the extra = +C tail. Two 1s is already 2-fragile.

There is no integer C between 1 and 2. The 2-robust side of the threshold is extra = +1, which is not ∀-3. The ∀-3 side of the threshold is extra ≥ 2, which is not 2-robust. This is the extra-density trap, measured at the first hole after two 1s, rather than at growth rate.

Two 1s (a1 = a2 = 1, maybe no third)

The generator with two initial 1s and extra C is forced: the next term is max(1, 1+C). Extra 0 immediately writes a third 1 (Narayana). Extra = +1 is the first genuine two-1s sequence:

1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 19, 28, …

(the extra = +1 sequence with the third 1 dropped, equivalently Narayana shifted). Exhaustive 45 pairs among the first ten terms, tracked from N0 = 10 to 20: 35 zero, 10 frozen, 0 grow. Two 1s is FROZEN miss 1 (the remainder starts at 2, misses 1 forever — weakly complete). Two 1s + late a27 = 27201: still FROZEN miss 1. Well-separated 3-deletions: 0 grow / 20 zero. Three late terms: ZERO. Not ∀-3. Two 1s extra = +1 is ∃-3, not ∀-3.

Extra = +2 with two 1s is 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, …: two 1s GROW-PERSIST (interior miss 15, 30, 61, 270), 11 of 45 pairs grow. Not 2-robust. Well-separated 3-deletions mostly grow, and three late terms still heal (interior miss = 0 after deleting 16687, 24456, 35842). Even the 2-fragile extra = +2 sequence has healing tail triples — AP-ish slack after λn → ∞.

Near-binary two-1s constructions fail 2-robustness immediately:

sequence2-dels3-dels
1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 16, 32, …42/45 GROW120/120 GROW
1, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, …45/45 GROW120/120 GROW
1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, … (all integers)0 grow, 4 frozen0 grow, 31 frozen, 89 zero

Dense tails heal everything. Binary tails break 2-deletions. The only two-1s object in the extra family that is 2-robust is extra = +1, and it is not ∀-3.

Unbounded deficit: growing extra, jump-then-fill

These are sliver-shaped on paper: δn → −∞, three 1s, λn → ∞. No witness.

Growing extra Cn = ⌊n/4⌋: prefix 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 11, 17, 24, …, δ2 last five −6, −7, −7, −7, −7 and still drifting. Two 1s: ZERO. Two 1s + late: ZERO. Late pair: ZERO. Exhaustive 2-deletions: 36 zero, 8 frozen, 1 labelled GROW — the consecutive pair (8, 9) with interior miss 0 → 2, the finite-prefix artefact of earlier searches, not a φ-propagation. Well-separated 3-deletions: 0 grow / 16 zero. Same trap: unbounded δ on changing worst-pairs (Lemma B) with λn → ∞ still leaves two 1s + late strongly overlapping.

Extra Cn = n − 3 is faster: δ2 last five −20..−24, two late pairs already GROW for real (interior miss 0 → 7). Not 2-robust. Well-separated 3-deletions 2 grow / 10 zero — still healing triples.

Jump then fill (a 2-Brown jump of size 1+k, then k duplicates of the jumped value): nondecreasing forbids filling a gap below the jump. Duplicates of an cannot represent integers < an. Lemma B’s hole of size D stays. If the jumps grow, the jump-pair 2-deletions GROW (jump+k fill k: 8 of 45 pairs grow, including two 1s, interior miss 8, 76). Fill-3 of growing jumps: two 1s GROW, two 1s + late GROW, three late still ZERO. The copies that were meant to freeze 2-holes do not; the tail 3-deletions that were meant to break, heal.

Greedy “max jump s.t. sample 2-deletions have miss ≤ cap” collapsed to Fibonacci on the length-16 prefixes (the sample was too local). Fibonacci is 2-fragile, 120/120 3-deletions grow. Not a sliver witness.

Why two-small + late heals whenever 2-robustness holds

Let A have at least two 1s and be weakly 2-robust. Let B = A ∖ {a1, a2}. Then B is weakly complete (2-robustness) and λnA → ∞ (Lemma A), so leftover on B is λn − 2 → ∞.

For a fixed late index r and B′ = B ∖ {ar}, leftover on B′ at indices t > r is leftoverB(t) − ar → ∞. Only finitely many new Brown failures can occur, until leftoverB catches ar. Combined with Lemma B, that is finitely many new permanent holes, plus the finite inherited holes of B.

Caveat, stated honestly. Finite Brown failures plus leftover → ∞ do not by themselves imply weak completeness: a hole can replicate under a φ-tail even while leftover is eventually positive (Fibonacci minus two 1s has leftover λn − 2 = Fn−1 − 3 → ∞ and still GROW-PERSIST; the remainder does not start with 1). The missing piece is an interval certificate: if some prefix of B′ contains an interval of length ≥ (next term − 1), the interval grows and only finitely many integers are missed (the forum-thread healing certificate). That certificate is Lemma C of §6; Fibonacci minus two 1s never fires it.

When does that certificate fail for two 1s + late? Precisely when the first hole of B is wide enough to replicate. That is extra ≥ 2, already 2-fragile. When the first hole has width 1 (extra = +1, or two-1s extra = +1), Python through N = 40 / σ ∼ 106 gives frozen miss 1, and leftover λn − 2 − an−1 is already positive by index 6 and → +∞. When there is no first hole (2-Brown / Narayana / forum), the theorem of §4 gives strong completeness of two 1s + late.

So: every 2-robust family actually tested has a healing 3-deletion (two 1s + late, and/or all well-separated triples, and/or three late terms). The sliver, if nonempty, cannot live in constant extra, cannot live in two-1s extra, cannot live in growing extra slow enough to keep two 1s complete, and cannot live in jump-fill. The interval-growth certificate is typeset in §6 (Lemmas C–E). Theorem 2 there is a conditional two-1s negative. Lemma F drops the H ∪ mirrors shape in regime A and when L = 1; F3B drops it in regime B when extraH = 0; Theorem 2′ is the resulting weaker two-1s negative; Theorem 2′(L = 2) is unconditional by L2∞; consecutive H on the remainder is closed by Theorem LN / L-cons. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). Frozen-g-die / Mig-set / Extra-set / Near-Δ / Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W / W-chase finite / (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g. Type-iii finite by Climb-shrink / Room-1 / Frozen-g-die. LN not claimed. Sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9); Stay0 proved. Δ set equality 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter); sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Consecutive H is still closed. Zero-1 sequences; skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2. Official (2, 3) remains open.

The proved statements of this section are Lemma A, Lemma A′, Lemma B, and the extra = C threshold (two 1s grows iff C ≥ 2). extra = +1 two-small+late frozen, growing-extra two-small+late ZERO, jump-fill 2-fragile, two-1s extra = +1 frozen: computational, prefixes as in the log. Official infinite weak (2, 3) is still open. Not claimed.

6. Interval growth, two 1s, overlap, zero and one 1s

§5 left an interval-growth caveat: leftover → ∞ after two 1s plus a late term is not, by itself, weak completeness (Fibonacci minus two 1s has leftover Fn−1 − 3 → ∞ and still GROW-PERSIST). This section typesets that certificate, proves a conditional negative for the two-1s class (Theorem 2, then Theorem 2′ with Lemma E’s shape dropped on the overlap / no-middle side, by F3B on extraH = 0 in regime B, and by Theorem N on extraH = 0 i.o.), an unconditional Theorem 2′(L = 2) by L2∞, consecutive H still closed (LN not claimed for incomplete H), Lemma Δ (set equality 132/132; v12’s 82 bads were a filter), Climb-window (132/132), Climb-fire (not uniformly FIRE), sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2), Climb is not an escape, Lemma Climb-fill, Lemma Climb-shrink, Room-1, Type-iii finite, Lemma Frozen-g-die, Lemma Mig-set, Lemma Extra-set, Lemma Near-fill / Type-A-peel-identity, Lemma No-interior-if-solid-below-δ (Solid-below-δ), Lemma Two-n, Lemma Near-Δ, Lemma Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W, Corollary W-chase finite, Lemma (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g, remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed, and Corollary LN2 (two-1s class empty as official (2, 3) sources under those hypotheses; our argument, not a posted solution), and hunts sequences with zero or one 1, including a weak (1, 2) starting at a2 ≥ 2, and a stay-in-B remainder. It is not a solution of official #348. Full nonexistence over all weakly 2-robust sequences is not claimed. Official (2, 3) remains open.

Write Sn−1 = ∑i < n ai, λn = 1 + Sn−1 − an, and Pk for the subset-sum set of a prefix of length k. If A is weakly 2-robust with at least two 1s, then B = A ∖ {a1, a2} is weakly complete and leftover on B′ = B ∖ {ar} satisfies leftoverB(t) − ar → ∞ (§5). Converting “eventually Brown after a finite hole” into weak completeness is the interval-growth step.

Lemma C — interval growth

Lemma C Let P ⊆ ℤ≥0 be finite and a ≥ 1. If P contains an interval of consecutive integers [L, R] with

R − L + 1 ≥ a,

then P ∪ (P+a) contains [L, R+a].

Proof Take x ∈ [L, R+a]. If x ≤ R then x ∈ [L, R] ⊆ P. If x > R then x − a ∈ [R+1 − a, R]. The hypothesis R − L + 1 ≥ a is exactly R+1 − a ≥ L, so x − a ∈ [L, R] ⊆ P and x ∈ P+a. □

This is the forum-thread healing certificate, stated with length = number of consecutive integers (equivalently R − L ≥ a − 1, “width ≥ next − 1” if width means the endpoint difference). The inequality is sharp: if R − L + 1 = a − 1, the value R+1 need not be hit, and a new hole can appear.

Lemma D — tail absorption

Lemma D Let C = (ci)i ≥ 1 be a sequence of positive integers. Suppose there exists k such that Pk contains an interval [L, R] with R − L + 1 ≥ ck+1, and such that for every j ≥ k

cj+1 ≤ R − L + 1 + ∑i = k+1j ci.

Then P(C) contains every integer ≥ L. In particular, if ∑ ci = ∞, one has [L, ∞) ⊆ P(C), so C is weakly complete (the only possible misses are among 1, …, L − 1 and whatever else the prefix already missed below L).

Proof Induction on Lemma C: after adding ck+1, …, cj the surviving interval is [L, R+∑i = k+1j ci], whose length is the right-hand side above. □

Fibonacci is excluded by the hypothesis, not by a handwave. The remainder 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, … (Fibonacci minus two 1s) never fires Lemma C. Prefix {2}: run length 1, next 3. Prefix {2, 3}: P = {0, 2, 3, 5}, longest run 2, next 5. Prefix {2, 3, 5}: longest run 2, next 8. Python: interval_certificate_prefix returns None on this remainder through F28. Leftover on that remainder is λn − 2 = Fn−1 − 3 → ∞, so leftover → ∞ without a certificate is possible — and that remainder is not weakly complete (GROW-PERSIST). The certificate is the missing hypothesis that turns leftover → ∞ into weak completeness.

A second genuine negative: extra = +2 minus two 1s is 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15, …. First hole width 2 at 2. Certificate never fires; two 1s GROW-PERSIST (imiss 12, 25, 52). That sequence is 2-fragile, so it is not a 2-robust remainder.

A genuine positive with first hole width 2: 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, … (dense after a width-2 hole). Certificate fires at prefix length 5 (longest=16, next 8); undeleted interior miss freezes at 2. Width ≥ 2 does not by itself imply replication — the tail has to be sparse enough to copy the block. Dense tails freeze; greedy extra = ≥ 2 tails grow.

Lemma E — leftover → ∞ plus H ∪ mirrors yields a certificate

Let C be nondecreasing, H a finite set of positive integers, L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}). Write Sk = ∑i ≤ k ci.

Lemma E Suppose Pk misses, in [0, Sk], only integers in H ∪ (Sk − H) (holes and their subset-sum mirrors), and λk+1 ≥ 2L. Then [L, Sk − L] ⊆ Pk is an interval of length Sk − 2L + 1 ≥ ck+1, so Lemma C fires at this prefix.

Proof The solid interior is [L, Sk − L], length Sk − 2L + 1. The next term is ck+1 = 1 + Sk − λk+1. The comparison Sk − 2L + 1 ≥ 1 + Sk − λk+1 is λk+1 ≥ 2L. □

If moreover λn ≥ 2L for all n > k, Lemma D continues: each later leftover ≥ 2L is exactly the growth inequality for this interval. Interior miss freezes in [1, L − 1].

What this uses that leftover → ∞ alone does not. After the last Brown failure, leftover eventually exceeds 2L. The extra hypothesis is that the only remaining holes in the prefix are the permanent block below L and its mirrors. For a nondecreasing weakly complete sequence this is the expected shape: any missing x < ak+1 is permanent (later terms are ≥ ak+1), so for large k one has [L, ak+1 − 1] ⊆ Pk; Lemma E additionally needs the next L integers at and above ak+1 to already be prefix subset-sums (redundancy of size L at the next term). That holds in every 2-robust family tested. It fails for Fibonacci-minus-two-1s (no such solid interior; first hole at 1, but the φ-tail keeps opening new interior gaps, so H is infinite).

Python, first fire of Lemma C on B = A ∖ {two 1s}:

remainder Bfirst holecertificatetwo 1s of A
Narayana minus two 1s: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, …width 0fires at k = 1ZERO
extra = +1 minus two 1s: 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, … or 2, 3, 4, 6, …width 1fires at k = 3 or 4 (longest=6, next 6)FROZEN miss 1
extra = +2 minus two 1s: 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, …width 2neverGROW-PERSIST
Fib minus two 1s: 2, 3, 5, 8, …width 1 at 1, then moreneverGROW-PERSIST
dense 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, …width 2 at 2fires at k = 5FROZEN miss 2

The certificate on B exists in this table if and only if B is weakly complete. That is the computational content of “heal iff certificate.”

Theorem 2 — two 1s + a late term, conditionally

Theorem 2 Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly 2-robust, with at least two 1s. Let B = A ∖ {a1, a2} and let H be the (finite) missing set of B, L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}). Suppose there exists a prefix of B of length k at which Lemma C fires, and there exists an index r of A after that prefix such that the leftover of B′ = B ∖ {ar} at the next remaining term is at least 2L. Then B′ is weakly complete. In particular A is not ∀-3-fragile.

Proof 2-robustness gives that B is weakly complete, so H is finite. The firing prefix of B does not use ar (chosen later), so it is a prefix of B′ as well: B′ inherits the same [L, R]. Along B the interval grows by Lemma D up to the term before ar. Skipping ar, the next remaining term is absorbed precisely by the leftover hypothesis ≥ 2L (Lemma E’s growth inequality on B′). Subsequent leftover on B′ is leftoverB(t) − ar → ∞ (§5, from Lemma A), so eventually ≥ 2L forever, and Lemma D finishes. □

Corollary (2-Brown, three 1s) The theorem of §4 is the special case H = ∅, L = 1, leftover of B′ at ar+1 at least ar−1 − 2 ≥ 0 for large r: two 1s + late is strongly complete.

Corollary (extra = +1) B has first hole width 1, certificate at prefix {2, 3, 4} or {1, 3, 4, 5}. Skip leftover λr+1 − ar − 2 is already nonnegative by index 4–6 and → +∞. Two 1s + late is FROZEN miss 1 through N = 32, σ ∼ 105. Not ∀-3.

When the hypotheses fail. They fail exactly on the 2-fragile side of §5’s extra threshold and on Fibonacci: B has no certificate, skip leftover is negative (Fib: λr+1 − ar − 2 = −2 at every r). Those sequences are not 2-robust, so they are not counterexamples to “2-robust + two 1s ⇒ healing 3-deletion.”

What is proved, and what is not. Theorem 2 is a genuine negative for every 2-robust sequence with ≥ two 1s that admits a Lemma-C prefix on B and a late skip with leftover ≥ 2L. Every 2-robust family actually constructed (Narayana, forum, extra = +1, two-1s extra = +1, growing extra slow enough to keep two 1s complete, dense width-2, doubled Fibonacci values) satisfies both. Skip leftover λn+1 − an is nonnegative at every tested index in those families (32/32 Narayana, 32/32 extra = +1, 36/36 doubled Fib), and → +∞.

A gap remains if some exotic 2-robust B is weakly complete with λ → ∞, extraH > 0 at every large prefix, and longest run < next, so neither F2/F3 nor F3B nor Theorem N fires. No example is known. Skip leftover < 2L cannot persist in B (K2). Near-binary growth that would keep skip leftover negative is 2-fragile in every hunt (§5 two-1s near-binary; slack-binary in this section). Lemma F / F3 drop the H ∪ mirrors shape on the overlap / no-middle side; F3B drops it in B when extraH = 0; Theorem N drops it whenever extraH = 0 infinitely often. Theorem 2′ is then a genuine negative under weaker hypotheses than Theorem 2. Official (2, 3) is not closed: the proof does not cover sequences with fewer than two 1s, and a WC remainder with extraH > 0 forever never-C, λ → ∞, and max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) is not ruled out as a theorem (remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H). Δ set equality 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter); sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Consecutive H is still closed. The L = 2 case is closed by Theorem L2∞. Remaining also: zero-1 sequences; skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2.

Lemma F — palindrome, and overlap forces H ∪ mirrors

Lemma F (palindrome) For a finite sequence with sum S and subset-sum set P, x ∈ P if and only if S − x ∈ P.

Proof Complements of subsets are subsets. □

Lemma F1 (overlap ⇒ H ∪ mirrors) Let P = P(C) for a finite prefix C of sum S, let a ≥ 1 be a candidate next term, and λ = 1 + S − a. Write H0 for the set of holes of P in [1, a − 1]. If λ ≤ a − 1, then

[0, S] ∖ P = H0 ∪ (S − H0).

Proof λ ≤ a − 1 is S − a + 1 ≤ a − 1, so [0, a − 1] ∪ [λ, S] = [0, S]. Holes in the left interval are H0; palindrome sends them to S − H0 in the right interval. There is no middle. □

Call a prefix an overlap prefix when λk+1 ≤ ak+1 − 1 (equivalently ak+1 ≥ (Sk + 2)/2). This is regime A: ak+1 > Sk/2. A slightly wider no-middle prefix is an ≥ (Sn−1 + 1)/2 (equivalently λn ≤ an), so [0, an − 1] ∪ [λn, Sn−1] = [0, Sn−1]. Regime B: an ≤ S/2 (equivalently λn ≥ an: slow growth, no overlap). Split B-fast S/3 < a ≤ S/2 and B-slow a ≤ S/3.

Corollary F2 Let B be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly complete, with missing set H finite, L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}), and λn → ∞. If there are infinitely many overlap prefixes with λ ≥ 2L, then Lemma C fires at those prefixes: [L, Sk − L] ⊆ Pk has length Sk − 2L + 1 ≥ ak+1.

Proof Weak completeness: for large k, holes of Pk in [1, ak+1 − 1] are exactly H. Lemma F1 upgrades that to holes in [0, Sk] equal to H ∪ (Sk − H). Lemma E’s comparison λ ≥ 2L is then automatic, not an extra shape. □

This is the drop of H ∪ mirrors in the overlap regime. Fibonacci minus two 1s is all-overlap with λ → ∞, but H is infinite (nH0 grows: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, …), so F2 does not apply; longest run stays 2; never certifies. Extra = +2 minus two 1s: never certifies, GROW-PERSIST, not weakly complete. Both are consistent with F2.

If H = ∅: L = 1, and for large n one has [0, an − 1] ⊆ Pn−1 (any missing x < an would be permanent). Length an. Lemma C fires with no overlap/no-middle hypothesis. Sequences that start with 1 and stay complete from 0 (Narayana remainder after two 1s; Fibonacci itself) fire at k = 1.

Regime A window (2L ≤ λ < (S + L + 1)/2 ⇒ [L, a + L − 1] ⊆ P ⇒ fire): 0 failures on Narayana, extra = +1, padovan, trib, growing extra. Failures occur exactly where H is infinite or the prefix is too short for L to have frozen (all-ints-from-3 at n = 3; Fib-from-2; extra = +2 remainder). Python, overlap prefixes have extra holes = 0 on every weakly complete family tested (Narayana, extra = +1 remainders, dense AP from 2, greedy-from-2). Apparent extras on Fib-from-2 at large k are H0 growing, not a palindrome failure.

Lemma F3 — no-middle + λ ≥ 2L ⇒ Lemma C

Lemma F3 Let B be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly complete, with missing set H finite and L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}). If some large n has λn ≥ 2L and an ≥ (Sn−1 + 1)/2, then Lemma C fires at prefix n − 1.

Proof a ≥ (S + 1)/2 iff λ ≤ a, so [0, a − 1] ∪ [λ, S] = [0, S]: no middle. For large n, holes of Pn−1 in [1, a − 1] are exactly H. Palindrome sends them to S − H. Thus holes in [0, S] are H ∪ (S − H), and [L, S − L] ⊆ Pn−1 has length S − 2L + 1. Compare to a = 1 + S − λ: S − 2L + 1 ≥ a iff λ ≥ 2L. □

This is Lemma F1 with λ ≤ a in place of λ ≤ a − 1, plus the λ ≥ 2L comparison from Lemma E. Corollary F2 is the special case of infinitely many such prefixes. Python (erdos348_v9_thm.py): 0 F3 failures on WC families; failures occur exactly where H is infinite or L is not yet frozen.

Greedy-minimal sequences: never-C, bounded λ, not 1-robust

The Knapp–Paul greedy sequence with given start takes as next the smallest integer > last that is missing from the current P. By construction it is weakly complete (every large integer is either a term or was already a subset sum when skipped). If the start is ≥ 2, 1 is missed forever.

Proposition (greedy from 2) The greedy sequence starting at 2 is

2, 3, 4, 8, 16, 32, …

with λn = 2 for all n ≥ 3, missing set H = {1}, and Lemma C never fires.

Proof After {2, 3, 4}, S = 9 and P = [0, 9] ∖ {1, 8}. Next missing > 4 is 8. Inductively, after 2, 3, 4, 8, …, 2k one has S = 2k+1 + 1 and P = [0, S] ∖ {1, S − 1}. Next is S − 1 = 2k+1, leftover 2. The solid run from 2 has length 2k+1 − 2 < 2k+1. □

Greedy from 1 is powers of 2: λ = 0, does certify (solid-from-0 length 2k equals next). Greedy from 1, 3 is 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, …, λ ≡ 3, never certifies, FROZEN miss {2}. Greedy from 3, 5 has a Knapp–Paul block pattern, lim inf λ < ∞, never certifies.

Theorem N below proves the parallel-v8 claim “never-certify WC sequences have lim inf λ finite” whenever extraH = 0 infinitely often: never-C + extraH = 0 i.o. ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1, hence not 1-robust by Lemma A′. These greedy-minimal objects are not counterexamples to “weakly complete + λ → ∞ ⇒ certificate.” Python, greedy-from-2, all eight 1-dels of a length-8 prefix GROW-PERSIST. Densifying greedy-from-2,3 (insert a skipped value) makes λ → ∞ and the certificate fires (densify every 1 fires at k = 3, FROZEN miss 1; extra = +1 from 2, 3, 4 fires at k = 3). The sparsest weakly complete starts never certify and have bounded λ; pushing λ → ∞ forces a certificate in every construction tested. For L = 2 the remaining hole is closed by Theorem L2∞ (never-C forces lim inf λ ≤ 3). Consecutive H at any L is closed by Theorem LN. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (extraH > 0 at every large prefix, never-C, WC, λ → ∞, max-symmetric non-consecutive H, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}; no example). Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2).

Among all families in the log:

weakly completenot weakly complete
Lemma C firesextra = +1 remainders; Narayana B; dense AP from 2; Graham-ish; all-ints-from-2; padovan; trib—
Lemma C never firesgreedy-minimal with a1 ≥ 2 (lim inf λ < ∞)Fib minus two 1s; extra = +2 remainder; slack-binary from 2; extra = +0 from 2, 3

No example of weakly complete + λn → ∞ + never-C. The two ways to never certify are (a) be too sparse for 1-robustness (bounded λ), or (b) fail weak completeness (Fib-like replication). What is proved: Corollary F2 (overlap + WC + λ → ∞ ⇒ fire), Lemma F3 (no-middle + λ ≥ 2L ⇒ fire), the H = ∅ case (fire with no extra shape), F3B (regime B + extraH = 0 + λ ≥ 2L ⇒ fire), and Theorem N (never-C + extraH = 0 i.o. ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1). What is not: a remainder that is weakly complete, λ → ∞, extraH > 0 at every large prefix, longest run < next, and max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) (the L = 2 case is Theorem L2∞; consecutive H is still closed; LN is not claimed for incomplete H). Early prefixes always overlap (k = 1: λ = 1 + a1 − a2 ≤ 1 ≤ a2 − 1 if a2 ≥ 2). Extra = +1 remainder B = 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, … overlaps for five steps, fires at k = 3 (λ = 4 = 2L, next 6, longest 6), then becomes slow. All tested 2-robust remainders fire during overlap or in B (extraH = 0, or via longest run). A hypothetical skip of the F2 window into B-slow with extraH > 0 forever has no example; for L = 2 it is excluded by L2∞. Extra = +1 from 2, 3, 5 never certifies — and is not weakly complete (GROW-PERSIST imiss 5, 16, 55).

Lemma K — skip leftover identity; free in B

Write skip leftover at n as λn+1 − an.

Lemma K λn+1 − an = λn − (an+1 − an).

Proof λn+1 = 1 + Sn − an+1 = 1 + Sn−1 + an − an+1, so λn+1 − an = 1 + Sn−1 − an+1 = λn − (an+1 − an). □

On Fibonacci this is identically 0 (λn+1 = an, the exact 1-robustness identity of §2). It is eventually positive iff increments are smaller than leftover, i.e. growth slower than φ. Python: 0 mismatches on Fib, Narayana, extra = +1, greedy-from-2, all-ints-from-2, floor-S/2. Fib last skip = 0; greedy last skip −16382; every 2-robust family tested → +∞. This is the quantitative difference that lets Lemma D finish along B′ = B ∖ {ar} after a late skip. Extra = +2 (not 2-robust) has skip ≥ 0 in 16/18 and last skip 662 — positivity of skip leftover is not 2-robustness.

Lemma K2 (skip leftover is free in B) If an+1 ≤ Sn/2 (next term in Regime B), then

λn+1 − an = 1 + Sn−1 − an+1 ≥ (λn + 1)/2.

In particular, if λ → ∞ and infinitely many terms lie in B, skip leftover → +∞ along those indices, so the ≥ 2L skip hypothesis of Theorem 2 is automatic in B.

Proof an+1 ≤ Sn/2 = (Sn−1 + an)/2, hence 1 + Sn−1 − an+1 ≥ 1 + Sn−1 − (Sn−1 + an)/2 = 1 + (Sn−1 − an)/2 = (λn + 1)/2. □

(The parallel-v8 bound ≥ 1 + Sn−1/4 additionally needs the current term in B. K2 as stated here does not.) Python: 0 failures on extra = +1 B, all-ints-from-2, Narayana B, floor-S/2. Growth slower than φ makes skip eventually positive on geometric tails (numerator −r2 + r + 1 of skip/an vanishes at r = φ); this is a geometric illustration of K, not a separate theorem.

Theorem N / Lemma Nwin — extraH = 0 never-C next is near-Brown, any L

Write extraH = 0 at prefix k to mean holes of Pk in [0, Sk] are exactly H ∪ (Sk − H).

Theorem N / Lemma Nwin Let A be nondecreasing and weakly complete, with missing set H finite and L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}). Suppose at a prefix of sum S ≥ 2L one has extraH = 0, and the next term a does not fire Lemma C. Then

a ∈ [S − 2L + 2, S − L + 1],  λ = 1 + S − a ∈ [L, 2L − 1].

In particular, if infinitely many prefixes have extraH = 0 along a never-C sequence, then lim infn λn ≤ 2L − 1 < ∞, so A is not weakly 1-robust (Lemma A′).

Proof ExtraH = 0 and palindrome give [L, S − L] ⊆ P, an interval of length S − 2L + 1. Never-C: a > S − 2L + 1, hence a ≥ S − 2L + 2. WC with frozen H: the first missing integer ≥ L is the first mirror hole S − max H = S − L + 1, so a ≤ S − L + 1. The comparison λ ∈ [L, 2L − 1] is arithmetic. □

This is Lemma E’s length comparison, with extraH = 0 supplying the solid interval and WC supplying the first-miss bound, with no overlap hypothesis. Specialising to H = {1} recovers Lemma N2 (λ ∈ {2, 3}). Python: 214 extraH = 0 never-C prefixes on generated L ≥ 3 walks, 0 violations of the window. v12 re-check on non-consecutive Pal prefixes: extraH = 0 never-C hits=458, window-fail=33; all 33 are short-prefix artefacts ({2, 3}+5, {3, 3}+5, {2, 3, 5}+7/8 borderline, {3, 5, 7}+11). Large-S Pal prefixes obey the window. Short prefixes with S < 2L (e.g. {3}, {3, 5}) are outside the hypothesis.

Corollary N1 There is no weakly complete sequence with λ → ∞ that never certifies and has infinitely many extraH = 0 prefixes. Combined with Lemma A′: a weakly 1-robust sequence (hence λ → ∞) that has extraH = 0 infinitely often must have a Lemma-C prefix.

Corollary N2 (greedy-minimal) A Knapp–Paul greedy-minimal sequence with frozen H eventually has extraH = 0 (the next missing integer > last is the smallest mirror S − L + 1), hence if it never certifies then λ ≡ L or λ ≤ 2L − 1. Greedy-from-2 has λ ≡ 2 = L. Greedy from 2, 2, 3 has λ ≡ 2. These are WC never-C, and they are not 1-robust (A′).

Python: 0 violations of the 2L − 1 bound on greedy-from-2 (14 extraH = 0 never-C prefixes, λ ≤ 2), greedy-from-1,3, extra = +1 B before it fires, all-ints-from-2 before it fires. Fib-from-2 has only two extraH = 0 never-C prefixes, then extraH grows (not WC).

This is the parallel-v8 claim “never-certify WC sequences have lim inf λ finite,” proved whenever extraH = 0 infinitely often. For L = 2 the extraH > 0-forever hole is closed by Lemma N2, L2-cycle, and Theorem L2∞ below. Consecutive H at any L is Theorem LN. Remaining theoretical hole: extraH > 0 at every large prefix, never-C, WC, λ → ∞, max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}).

Lemma N2 — extraH = 0 never-C next is near-Brown

Lemma N2 Let P have extraH = 0, H = {1} (so L = 2), sum S ≥ 4. If Lemma C does not fire at this prefix, the only WC never-C next terms are S − 2 and S − 1, with leftover 3 and 2 respectively.

Proof ExtraH = 0 gives [2, S − 2] ⊆ P, length S − 3. Never-C requires S − 3 < a, i.e. a ≥ S − 2, i.e. λ ≤ 3. WC: the only hole in [2, S − 1] is S − 1, so next cannot skip S − 1 unless next = S − 1 (taking it as a term) or next > S (Brown, leftover ≤ 0, still never-C but then λ ≤ 1). Nondecreasing and the length bound leave {S − 2, S − 1}. □

This is Theorem N specialised to L = 2, with the two explicit options. Python: after {2, 3, 4} extraH = 0, never-C options {7, 8}; after {2, 3, 4, 8} options {15, 16}; after {2, 3, 4, 7, 8} options {22, 23}. Always {S − 2, S − 1}.

Lemma CW — extraH > 0 + never-C pins the first extra hole

Lemma CW Let A be WC, L as above, and suppose at a large prefix P = Pn−1 (next term a) Lemma C does not fire and extraH > 0. Let g be the least extra hole of P in [L, S − L]. Then g ∈ [a, a+L − 1].

Proof WC: any hole < a is permanent, hence in H, so g ≥ a. If g ≥ a+L, then [L, a+L − 1] ⊆ [L, g − 1] ⊆ P, an interval of length a, and Lemma C fires. □

Python: CW holds on the WC-ish never-C prefix 2, 3, 4, 7 then greedy (cw_ok=1). Apparent failures on Fib-from-2 / extra = +2 B / extra = +1 from 2, 3, 5 have extra holes below a (permanent extra, H infinite): the WC hypothesis fails, so CW does not apply.

Lemma L2-cycle — the extraH = 0 / extraH = 1 oscillation

Lemma L2-cycle Let P have extraH = 0, H = {1}, sum S ≥ 9, and set a = S − 2. Then:

  1. Adding S − 1 keeps extraH = 0 (the greedy step; leftover 2).
  2. Adding a = S − 2 produces extraH = 1, the unique extra hole being a+1 = S − 1. The never-C WC options are then {a, a+1}.
  3. Repeating a a further k ≥ 0 times produces extra holes {ja+1 : 1 ≤ j ≤ k+1} (and palindromes). The sequence is bounded if this continues forever.
  4. Adding a+1 after those repeats fills every ja+1 = (a+1)+(j − 1)a (the term a+1 plus j − 1 copies of a), and extraH returns to 0.

Proof of (2) [2, a] ⊆ P. Add a: P′ = P ∪ (P+a). The old hole S − 1 = a+1 survives because a+1 − a = 1 ∉ P. For x ∈ (S, S+a − 2], x ∈ P′ iff x − a ∈ P; here x − a ∈ (S − a, S − 2] = (2, a] ⊆ P except if x − a = 1, i.e. x = a+1 = S − 1, already counted. New sum S′ = 2S − 2 = 2a+2, so S′ − 1 = 2a+1 and the hole a+1 is its own palindrome (the centre). extraH = 1. Longest run is a − 1 = S − 3, so never-C next ≥ S − 2 = a; first missing ≥ a is a+1. Options {a, a+1}. □

Proof of (4), AP-fill Each extra hole ja+1 equals (a+1)+(j − 1)a. After a+1 is a term and k copies of a are present, this is a subset sum. Palindromes of filled holes are filled. Python: for k = 0, …, 5 after {2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 22} then k extra 22s, adding 23 returns extraH = 0 in every case (m=S-2, holes {1, S − 1} only). □

Corollary (unbounded ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o.) An unbounded WC never-C L = 2 sequence cannot repeat a value forever, so after every extraH = 0 prefix it either takes S − 1 (stays extraH = 0) or takes S − 2, finitely many repeats, then a+1 (returns extraH = 0). In all branches extraH = 0 infinitely often.

The closed cycle, as computed:

prefixextraHnever-C nextλ at next
2, 3, 407 or 83 or 2
2, 3, 4, 8015 or 163 or 2
2, 3, 4, 71 (hole 8)7 or 810 or 9
2, 3, 4, 7, 72 (holes 8, 15)7 or 817 or 16
2, 3, 4, 7, 8022 or 233 or 2
2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 221 (hole 23)22 or 23—
2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 23067 or 683 or 2
2, 2, 305 or 63 or 2
2, 2, 3, 6011 or 123 or 2
2, 2, 3, 51 (hole 6)5 or 68 or 7
…0,1,0,1,…S − 2 then S − 1λ ∈ {2, 3} at extraH = 0

Along the S − 2 then S − 1 walk, leftovers at successive terms are 3, 24, 3, 69, 3, 204, 3, 609, …: lim inf λ = 3, not λ → ∞. Greedy (S − 1 always) has λ ≡ 2. Repeating the current last forever is bounded.

Theorem L2∞ / L2N — WC never-C L = 2 ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 3

Theorem L2∞ / L2N Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly complete, with H = {1} (so L = 2), and suppose Lemma C never fires. Then lim infn λn ≤ 3. In particular A is not weakly 1-robust (Lemma A′). Equivalently: there is no such sequence with λn → ∞.

Proof By the corollary to L2-cycle, extraH = 0 infinitely often. Theorem N (or Lemma N2 at those prefixes) gives lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1 = 3. Lemma A′ then forbids 1-robustness. □

The only WC never-C L = 2 objects are greedy-minimal (λ ≡ 2, or lim inf λ = 3 along the S − 2 interpolant), all 1-fragile. Python: greedy-from-2, greedy 2, 2, 3, 6, …, greedy 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 17, …, and the S − 2/S − 1 walk 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 23, 67, … all have every 1-del GROW-PERSIST.

Python (erdos348_v10.py). DFS of all never-C WC continuations (max length 11–13, 511 nodes from each of 2, 3, 4; 2, 3, 4, 7, 8; 2, 2, 3; 2, 2, 3, 5): 256 survivors each, 0 fire-forced leaves at the cap (the never-C window stays nonempty by always offering S − 2 or S − 1, or a repeat/fill of the CW hole). Every survivor is a finite prefix of greedy, of the S − 2 interpolant, or of a bounded repeat. Apparent λ ≥ 3 survivors (84 from 2, 3, 4) have lim inf λ ≤ 3 once continued (the large last λ is a single S − 2 step). Shape of extra holes is {1, S − 1} or {1, a+1, S − a − 1} except during repeats, where the AP ja+1 appears and is wiped by the next a+1. Shape violations (extras outside {m+1, S − m − 1}, m = solid-from-2) occur exactly on long repeats: 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 22, 22, 22 has extras {23, 45, 67}; those walks are not WC (GROW-PERSIST).

This replaces the earlier L = 2 sketch after CW: filling a+1 returns extraH to 0 (L2-cycle (4)), so unbounded WC never-C cannot stay extraH > 0, and Theorem N supplies lim inf λ ≤ 3.

Lemma Inc / BI — extraH > 0 never-C has bounded increment

Lemma Inc / BI Let A be WC, never-C at a large prefix with next term an, and extraH > 0. Let g be the least extra hole. Then g ∈ [an, an+L − 1] (Lemma CW), and the following term satisfies an+1 ≤ g ≤ an+L − 1.

Proof CW gives the window. WC: a hole g not taken as a term and not filled before the sequence passes it becomes permanent and larger than max H, contradiction. Nondecreasing, so an+1 ≤ g. □

Corollary BI2 (L = 2) extraH > 0 never-C WC forces an+1 ∈ {an, an+1} after that prefix.

This does not apply at extraH = 0 prefixes: there never-C forces a near-Brown jump (Lemma N2 / Theorem N), which is how greedy and the S − 2 interpolant live. Python “violations” of a′ ≤ a+L − 1 on greedy-from-2 are exactly those extraH = 0 jumps, not failures of Inc.

For L ≥ 3, Inc says a never-C extraH > 0 remainder is syndetic with gap < L. Consecutive H = {1, …, L − 1} is still closed below. LN is not claimed for incomplete H. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (extraH > 0 forever with max-symmetric non-consecutive H, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). No example. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). L = 2 is excluded by L2∞.

L ≥ 3 never-C walks from 3, 5, 7, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 3, 5: max-strategy is a greedy-like jump (lim inf λ finite, 2-fragile); min-strategy repeats and is bounded. Same two never-C mechanisms as v8, one L-level up. Consecutive H is still closed; mixed max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) is not a nonexistence proof. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H. Climb is not uniformly FIRE.

Lemma FT — fill-trap for general L

Lemma FT Let P be a finite subset-sum set of sum S, H the holes of P in [1, a − 1], L = 1 + max(H ∪ {0}), and suppose [L, a − 1] ⊆ P. After adding a,

P ∪ (P+a) ⊇ [L, 2a − 1] ∖ (a+H).

Proof [L, a − 1] ⊆ P ⊆ P′. The singleton a is in P′. For j ∈ [1, L − 1] ∖ H one has j ∈ P, so a+j ∈ P′. These assemble to [L, a+L − 1] ∖ (a+H). The shift [L, a − 1]+a = [L+a, 2a − 1] abuts a+L. □

This is v9 Lemma Join without the fast-increment / a+H ⊆ P hypothesis: the excluded set is exactly a+H, which may remain unfilled. For H = {1} it is the v10 claim P′ ⊇ [2, 2a − 1] ∖ {a+1}. Python (erdos348_v11.py): 0/66 failures on listed prefixes (including L = 2 controls); 0/240 on generated L ≥ 3 walk prefixes (skipping steps that violate [L, a − 1] ⊆ P).

Lemma Res — extraH > 0 never-C residue

Lemma Res Let a never-C prefix have extraH > 0 and next term a ≥ 2L − 1. After adding a, the residue {a+h : 0 ≤ h < L, a+h ∉ P′} is nonempty.

Proof of the surviving-hole case If the least extra hole is g = a+h with h ∈ H, then h ∉ P, so g survives in P′. WC then forbids a′ ≥ g+1 unless that hole is filled as a term, so a′ ≤ a+L − 1. This is v10 Lemma BI, with the surviving-hole hypothesis stated: if instead g = a (h = 0), adding a fills g and BI does not constrain the next increment. □

The “BI failures” on greedy-max L ≥ 3 walks (e.g. 6 → 16 after {3, 4, 5}) are exactly this h = 0 case: extraH becomes 0 at the filled prefix, then a Pal jump is legal. Python: 0 empty residues on extraH > 0 never-C steps with a ≥ 2L − 1 among the recorded walks; residue ⊆ a+H.

Lemma Seed — extras after extraH = 0 → > 0 sit in a window

Lemma Seed At an extraH = 0 never-C prefix with S ≥ 2L, if adding the next term a produces extraH > 0, the new extra holes of P′ that lie below S′/2 sit in [a, a+2L − 3].

Proof for consecutive H Nwin puts a ∈ [S − 2L + 2, S − L + 1]. Taking a = S − L + 1 (leftover L) fills the first mirror; each remaining old mirror S − L + 1+j for j = 1, …, L − 2 equals a+j and survives, because the shift would need j ∈ P and j ∈ H. Those extras are {a+1, …, a+L − 2} ⊆ [a, a+2L − 3]. For L = 2 there are no remaining old mirrors: palindrome is restored in one step. Interior Nwin options leave some old mirrors unfilled; Lemma FT puts them in the CW window. □

Python: 0 far-low seed failures on extraH = 0 → > 0 transitions among the recorded walks. Palindromes at the high end of P′ are not a counterexample (they are S′ minus a low extra).

AP-clear — plateau extras are an arithmetic progression

AP-clear Let a never-C extraH > 0 prefix have extra-hole seeds E, and suppose the last term a is repeated a further k ≥ 0 times. The extra holes of the resulting prefix lie in {e+ja : e ∈ E, j ≥ 0} and their palindromes. Adding a seed (or, in the consecutive min-NL case, g = a+L − 1) fills every such hole of the form seed + ja.

Proof of the fill Each extra e+ja equals the term e plus j copies of a. Palindromes of filled holes are filled. This is L2-cycle (4) with residue L − 1 in place of 1 when E = {a+L − 1}. □

Python, plateaus from {2, 3, 4, 7}, {3, 4, 5}, {4, 5, 6}, {2, 2, 3, 5}, {3, 5, 7}: extras after k = 1..5 repeats match the predicted AP (unexplained empty, up to palindromes). Filling the seed returns extraH = 0 on the consecutive starts; continuing the plateau forever is bounded and GROW-PERSIST, not WC.

Lemma Plateau — extraH > 0 forever cannot be only repeats

Lemma Plateau If at an extraH > 0 never-C prefix the only never-C nexts that keep extraH > 0 are repeats of the last term, then extraH > 0 forever implies an eventual constant tail, contradicting unboundedness. So any unbounded continuation of that prefix either fires C, returns extraH = 0, or increments through a keep-extraH option.

For H = {1, 2} at {3, 4, 5} (extras {6}) the only keep-extraH next is the repeat; unboundedness forces +6, which is Pal. That is the consecutive-H start of Theorem LN. For H = {1, 2, 4, 6} keep-extraH increments exist, so Plateau does not by itself close the case. That is the leftover max-symmetric non-consecutive H; Climb is not uniformly FIRE (Climb-fire is sufficient when δ ≤ (L − 1)/3; OPEN climbs exist). Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H.

Theorem LN — consecutive H WC never-C ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o. ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1

Call a prefix palindromic of consecutive type H = {1, …, L − 1} when P = [0, S] ∖ ({1, …, L − 1} ∪ {S − L + 1, …, S − 1}). Then extraH = 0 and [L, S − L] ⊆ P.

Lemma Pal-cons Let P be palindromic of consecutive type, S ≥ 2L. The only WC never-C next terms are a ∈ {S − 2L + 2, …, S − L + 1}, with leftover λ ∈ {L, …, 2L − 1}.

Proof Theorem N / Lemma Nwin. □

Taking a = S − L + 1 (λ = L). The first mirror hole is added as a term, so it is filled. Each remaining old mirror survives as a+j for j = 1, …, L − 2 (Seed). For L = 2 there are no remaining old mirrors: palindrome is restored in one step (v10 L2∞). For L ≥ 3 one has extraH = L − 2 immediately after, with extras in the CW window. The solid run is then [L, a]. First miss ≥ a is a+1. Never-C nexts are among {a, a+1}: a repeat, or fill of the least extra. Infinite repeats contradict unboundedness (AP-clear: extras accumulate as an AP of difference a, GROW-PERSIST). Filling a+1, then a+2, …, through a+(L − 2) clears the old mirrors (AP-clear). After those L − 2 fills the holes in [0, S″] are again H ∪ (S″ − H): palindrome is restored. During the finite fill, leftover may be large; each restoring step itself has next > longest (never-C), and the next never-C choice at the restored palindrome again has leftover ≤ 2L − 1.

Taking a = S − 2L + 2 (λ = 2L − 1), or any interior option. Some old mirrors remain unfilled. Lemma FT puts them in the CW window (or as an AP of difference a after repeats). Unboundedness forces a later fill of each generator; filling the window extras returns to palindrome, as in the λ = L case. Python, from {3, 4, 5, 6} (H = {1, 2}, S = 18, never-C {14, 15, 16}):

firstthenextraH pathrestores Pal?
16 (λ = 3 = L)fillg / max1, 0, 1, 0, …yes, period 2
15 (λ = 4)fillg2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, …yes
14 (λ = 5 = 2L − 1)fillg1, 0, 1, 0, …yes
anymin (repeat)extraH → ∞no: GROW-PERSIST, not WC

The same trichotomy at every later Pal prefix {3, 4, 5, 6, 16, 17} (S = 51, never-C {47, 48, 49}).

Theorem LN / L-cons Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly complete, with consecutive missing set H = {1, …, L − 1}. If Lemma C never fires, then extraH = 0 infinitely often and lim infn λn ≤ 2L − 1. In particular A is not weakly 1-robust (A′).

Proof WC starting at ≥ L forces L, L+1, …, 2L − 2 (or a finite burst of repeats that still produces a palindromic prefix: after {3, 4, 5, 6} one has P = [0, 18] ∖ {1, 2, 16, 17}; after {3, 3, 4, 5} one has P = [0, 15] ∖ {1, 2, 13, 14}). From every palindromic consecutive-type prefix, Pal-cons plus the fill argument above produce a later palindromic prefix, reached by a never-C step of leftover ≤ 2L − 1. Infinitely many restorations give extraH = 0 i.o., hence lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1 by Nwin. □

For L = 2 this is v10 Theorem L2∞ / L2N. For L = 3 (H = {1, 2}): start-at-3, and any two-1s remainder that misses both 1 and 2. Unbounded WC never-C ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o. is not proved for arbitrary frozen H. Non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 4}, {1, 2, 4, 6}) still has extraH = 0 i.o. in every unbounded WC never-C walk tested, but that is not a proof. DFS of WC never-C continuations: from {3, 4, 5} (max_n = 9) 266 seen, 151 survive, 0 extraH-never-0 at the cap; from {3, 4, 5, 6} 150/85/0; from {2, 3, 5} 2970/2276/0. Survivors with large last λ have hit extraH = 0. Apparent extraH-forever walks are min/repeat plateaus (GROW-PERSIST) or FIRE-FORCED finite prefixes. v14 still does not claim Theorem LN for incomplete H. Greedy-available (Stay0). Sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9). v13’s 132/132 missed the FIRE family. Δ set equality is now 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter). Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Consecutive H remains closed. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6} from 3, 5, 7).

Lemma Δ — extras after Pal λ = L are exactly a+Δ

Write M = L − 1 and Δ = H ∩ ((L − 1) − H) ∖ {0} (max-symmetric holes). This is set equality, not v12’s coded “low” window.

Lemma Δ ExtraH = 0, frozen H with max H = L − 1, S ≥ 2L, never-C next a = S − L + 1 (so λ = L). Let P′ = P ∪ (P+a), S′ = S+a. The extra holes of P′ in [L, S′ − L] are exactly a+Δ.

Proof Pal-add: extras ⊆ [a, a+L − 1] ∩ (a+H). For h ∈ [0, L − 1], a+h = S − (L − 1 − h). Palindrome of P: a+h ∈ P iff L − 1 − h ∈ P iff L − 1 − h ∉ H. And a+h ∈ P+a iff h ∈ P iff h ∉ H (the case h = 0 is the singleton a ∈ P′). Thus a+h ∉ P′ iff h ∈ H and L − 1 − h ∈ H and h ≠ 0, i.e. h ∈ Δ.

The point a+h lies in [L, S′ − L]: a+h ≥ a = S − L + 1 ≥ L+1, and a+h ≤ a+L − 1 = S ≤ S′ − L once S ≥ 2L − 1. Pal-add forbids extras outside [a, a+L − 1]. Hence extras = a+Δ. □

The set a+Δ is palindrome-closed in P′. v12 reported 82 “bads.” Those were not equality failures: e.g. 3, 5, 7+9 has Δ = {2, 4}, pred = {11, 13}, newE = {11, 13}, but only {11} sat in a coded “low” window. A filter, not a counterexample. Python (erdos348_v13.py), generated Δ-positive Pal prefixes (132 prefixes including later Pal-cycle restorations): ok=132, fail=0, skip=0.

Δ-empty (max-asymmetric H): Δ = ∅, so Pal λ = L restores extraH = 0 in one step (v12, re-checked). Log: 2, 3, 5+6; 2, 4, 5+8; 2, 3, 6+7; 2, 4, 7+8; 3, 4, 6+8; 2, 3, 5, 7+11; 2, 4, 6, 7+14; 2, 3, 4+8, extraN′ = 0. ok=8 fail=0. Those walks are not extraH > 0-forever sources.

Climb-window

Climb-window After the Pal λ = L step of Lemma Δ, with Δ ≠ ∅ and δ = min Δ, write g = a+δ. Then [L, g − 1] ⊆ P′, the first miss ≥ a is g, and never-C WC nexts are exactly {a, a+1, …, g}.

Proof WC: cannot skip g, last is a, so next ∈ {a, …, g} once [a, g − 1] ⊆ P′. For 1 ≤ j < δ, j ∉ Δ. If j ∉ H then a+j ∈ P+a; if j ∈ H \ Δ then a+j ∈ P by the converse in Lemma Δ. Thus [a, g − 1] ⊆ P′. Combined with [L, a − 1] ⊆ P, [L, g − 1] ⊆ P′. First miss ≥ a is g.

Never-C requires next ≥ longest+1. The run [L, g − 1] has length a+δ − L = S − 2L+δ+1. Since L − 1 ∉ Δ (would need 0 ∈ H), δ ≤ L − 2, so this length ≤ S − L − 1 = a − 2 < a. The Pal-add high solid [a+L, S′ − L] has length S − 2L+1 < a. Old runs had length < a. Joining through the singleton a produces exactly [L, g − 1]. Thus longest ≤ a − 2 < a, so never-C does not cut {a, …, g}. □

Python: ok=132, fail=0. Examples: 3, 5, 7+9 window {9, 10, 11}, extras {11, 13}; 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13+42 window {42, 43, 44}, extras {44, 46}; 3, 3, 5+7 window {7, 8, 9}, extras {9}. If δ = 1 there is no climb room (consecutive-H / L = 2 shape). Δ-positive with climb is δ ≥ 2. This subsumes the v12 named-start check (ok=15, bad=0).

Lemma Finite-burst

Lemma Finite-burst After Pal λ = L with Δ ≠ ∅, any never-C WC continuation has last nondecreasing in {a, …, g}. Each non-repeat increases last by ≥ 1. At most δ non-repeats until last = g, after which the only WC next is g (fill) or the window is empty (fire). Unbounded repeat of a value < g is not WC (plateau-fail).

So a never-C WC path cannot climb forever without filling g. Climb is not an unbounded extraH > 0 escape from a single Pal-add window. Sequential fillW may fail to complete the burst (FIRE witness below): extras stay in a finite palindromic W-block, but the never-C walk is not obligated to finish it.

Lemma Climb-fire (sufficient, not necessary)

After Pal λ = L, add a climb c with a < c < g. Let S″ = S′+c. If g remains a hole, palindrome of P″ makes S″ − g a hole, and first miss ≥ c is still g.

Lemma Climb-fire Suppose g ∉ P″ and [g+1, S″ − g − 1] ⊆ P″. Then that run has length S″ − 2g − 1 = L+c − 2δ − 2. For the least climb c = a+1 this is ≥ g iff δ ≤ (L − 1)/3. Then longest ≥ g, never-C window empty: FIRE-FORCED.

Model equality: H = {1, 2, 4, 6}, L = 7, δ = 2 = (L − 1)/3. Climb 3, 5, 7, 9, 10 does not fill g = 11 and is FIRE-FORCED (longest = 11). Same at later Pal-cycle greedies (+42 climb 43, +174 climb 175, +702 climb 703).

Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Counterexample: H = {1, 2, 4}, L = 5, δ = 2 > (5 − 1)/3. Climb 3, 3, 5, 7, 8 is OPEN (extras {9, 17}, opts {8, 9}, g = 9 unfilled). Then fill 9 PAL-RESTORE. Finite-burst still applies. The proposed test “climb-fire if min Δ ≤ (L − 1)/3” without the solid-run hypothesis is refuted (v14): 3, 6, 8 has L = 8, min Δ = 2 ≤ 7/3, HAS-OPEN. Do not use δ ≤ (L − 1)/3 as a lemma.

Python, climb-before-fill on 132 Pal prefixes: FIRE=27, RESTORE=10, OPEN=60, no-climb-room=63. OPEN examples are the δ > (L − 1)/3 family (335-cycle). No OPEN sample is extraH > 0-forever: the window still ends at g.

POST-CLIMB FIRE-FORCED is not general. v12 had open_fates = 0 on the one named family with post-fill climb room (3, 5, 7). Generated Pal prefixes have post-fill climb room on 124/132 and OPEN-sum = 580 (e.g. 3, 3, 5 after fill then climb 19 stays extraH > 0). Not a lemma. Those OPEN post-fill climbs still restore when g is later filled.

Lemma Stay0 — Greedy-available

Lemma Stay0 (Greedy-available) ExtraH = 0, frozen H with max H = L − 1, S ≥ 2L, last ≥ L, never-C opts nonempty. Then a★ = S − L + 1 (Pal λ = L) is a never-C option.

Proof ExtraH = 0 ⇒ holes of P in [0, S] are H ∪ (S − H), so [L, S − L] ⊆ P and S − L + 1 = S − (L − 1) ∉ P. Last ≥ L ⇒ [last, S − L] ⊆ P, hence first miss ≥ S − L + 1. Combined with S − L + 1 ∉ P, first miss = S − L + 1. Never-C requires next ≥ longest+1. Since S − L + 1 ∉ P, longest ≤ S − L, so longest+1 ≤ S − L + 1. Nondecreasing: last ≤ S − L + 1, else first miss < last and opts empty, contradicting the hypothesis. Thus a★ ≥ last, a★ ≥ longest+1, and a★ = first miss, so a★ ∈ opts. □

Pal-L already says opts ⊆ {S − 2L + 2, …, S − L + 1}. Stay0 is the missing endpoint: the greedy top is attained whenever last ≥ L and never-C is nonempty. Python (erdos348_v14.py): generated Pal prefixes greedy-in 513/513 (this hunt, S < 8000); 254/254 (fillg census). A larger pool reported 22850/22850. Not claimed for last < L (no such extraH = 0 never-C prefix appeared). Stay0 says greedy is legal, not that it is taken. Interior Pal is a different next in the same Pal-L window; on generated pals, only-greedy count = 0. Never-λ = L is the typical choice, not a rare escape.

Restore-W / fillW after Pal λ = L

Sequential Restore-W is FALSE. Pal λ = L then fillW (always take the current least extra g when it is a never-C option) need not restore extraH = 0: it can FIRE with extraH still > 0. Witness: 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, extraH = 0, H = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7}, L = 8, Δ = {1, 2, 5, 6}, S = 72, never-C {58, …, 65}, greedy a = 65 (λ = 8 = L) legal by Stay0. W = {66, 67, 70, 71}.

stepseq tailextraNextrasoptsglongest
Pal+greedy+654{66, 67, 70, 71} = a+Δ{65, 66}6658
fillW+666{67, 70, 71, 132, 133, 136}{66, 67}6760
fillW+672{71, 199}∅71127

FIRE-FORCED: wc nexts {67, …, 71}, longest = 127 ≥ 71 = g. extraH still 2. fillW did not restore. Mechanism: Δ contains a consecutive pair {1, 2}. Filling a+1, a+2 lengthens a run past the remaining extras a+5, a+6. Palindrome copies {132, 133, 136} are twins of leftover W, not a middle migrate. The run, not a migrating residue, fires C.

Algebraic contrast on this same prefix. Adding the set W = {66, 67, 70, 71} as summands (not never-C constrained) yields extraH = 0 at Sf = 411. The Minkowski join of W restores here; the never-C walk cannot finish W.

After filling W = a+Δ: [L, 2a − 1] solid; leftover ≥ 2a

Write S′ = S+a, so S′ − L = 2a − 1. Let Q be the subset-sum set after adding every w ∈ W = a+Δ as a term (order-independent Minkowski: Q = P′+⟨W⟩), SW = S′+∑W.

Lemma Low-solid After adding W, [L, 2a − 1] ⊆ Q.

Proof Pal-add / Δ: extras of P′ in [L, S′ − L] = [L, 2a − 1] are exactly W. Each w ∈ W is a term, hence in Q. The complement of W in that interval already lies in P′ ⊆ Q. □

Thus any leftover extra of Q in [L, SW − L] is ≥ 2a. The v13 high-interval obligation is exactly [2a, SW − L] ⊆ Q.

Lemma 2a-crit 2a ∈ Q if and only if Δ = ∅ or ∃ d ∈ Δ with a − d ∉ H.

Proof 2a = S′ − (L − 1). L − 1 ∈ H ⇒ 2a ∉ P′. Nonempty subset sums of W are ≥ a+min Δ > a, and two or more W-terms sum to ≥ 2a+min Δ+⋯ > 2a. So 2a ∈ Q iff 2a = x+(a+d) for some d ∈ Δ and x ∈ P′, i.e. x = a − d ∈ P′. Now a − d < S, and a − d ∈ P (hence in P′) iff a − d ∉ H and S − (a − d) ∉ H. The second is L − 1+d ∉ H, automatic because L − 1+d ≥ L. Thus a − d ∈ P′ iff a − d ∉ H. □

If S ≥ 3L − 3 then a − d ≥ a − (L − 2) = S − 2L+3 ≥ L, so a − d ∉ H automatically and 2a ∈ Q. The interesting leftovers are small S.

Lemma 2a-next After Pal λ = L and adding W, if 2a ∉ Q, then 2a is the least extra (Low-solid) and is a legal never-C WC next whenever last ≤ 2a (true: last ≤ a+max Δ ≤ a+L − 2 < 2a) and longest < 2a (the solid [L, 2a − 1] has length 2a − L < 2a; first miss ≥ last is 2a).

Algebraic Restore-W is FALSE on a realized frozen prefix. Witness: 2, 5, 8, extraH = 0, H = {1, 3, 4, 6}, L = 7, Δ = {3}, S = 15, a = 9, never-C {8, 9}. W = {12}. Minkowski Q = P′+⟨W⟩ at SW = 36 has extraN=1, leftover {18} = {2a}. Criterion: a − d = 6 ∈ H, so 2a ∉ Q. Lemma Δ still holds: extras after Pal are exactly a+Δ, so the Pal-add window [L, S′ − L] is filled by appending a+Δ; the expanded extra range after those generators is not. v13’s “high interval filled in the log, not proved” is not an omission of a true lemma: the high interval can fail. Not LN. Not a solution.

Continued fillg on this witness restores. After +9, extras {12}, window {9, …, 12}. After +12, extras {18}, window {12, …, 18}, 2a = 18 legal. After +18, extraH = 0. Seq 2, 5, 8, 9, 12, 18, extraH 0,0,0,1,1,0. lim inf λ = 7, FROZEN, 1-fragile (Nio+A′). Length-3 2a-fails: only 2, 5, 8 among a ≤ 9. Length-4: seven more (2, 2, 7, 12; 2, 3, 8, 14; 2, 4, 7, 12; 2, 4, 9, 14; 2, 5, 5, 13; 2, 5, 7, 15; 3, 4, 7, 13). On all eight, Minkowski-W leftover includes 2a as least extra, 2a is a legal never-C next, and adding 2a as a term restores extraH = 0. fillg-after-lamL on a 254-prefix pool that includes these: RESTORE=254, FIRE=0, OPEN=0. That pool missed the FIRE family above.

After adding the term 2a: FT-L plus the identities 2a+h = a+(a+h) for h ∈ H put 2a+H ⊆ Q already before the new term. The new term fills 2a+[1, L − 1] ∖ H. Shift [L, 2a − 1]+2a = [2a+L, 4a − 1]. Thus [L, 4a − 1] is solid after +2a. The remaining tail [4a, Snew − L] of length ∑W is not proved in general; it is empty after +2a on the eight realized 2a-fails. Abstract palindromic P leftovers after Minkowski-W: 244 failures, all with S − 2L ≤ 4. Realizable High-fails: none in the hunt.

So the two refutations are complementary:

algebraic P′+⟨W⟩sequential fillW
2, 5, 8+9leftover 2athen +12,+18 RESTORE
3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65RESTORE+66,+67 FIRE extraN=2

Neither “add W then extraH = 0” nor “fillg then extraH = 0” is a theorem for every frozen H. A 3, 8, 9-family DFS (pool): 1221 pals, sequential greedy fillW RESTORE=743 FIRE=478 OPEN=0; algebraic add W: 1221/1221 restore. Small named pools that miss this H = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7} report 100% sequential restore (v13’s 132/132; this hunt’s 254/254) — those pools are not general.

fillW from extraH > 0 Δ-positive starts (no Pal λ = L first): restore or fire, never OPEN at cap (3, 5, 6 / 4, 6, 7 / 3, 6, 7 / 3, 5, 7, 9 / 3, 3, 5, 7 restore; 5, 7, 9 / 4, 7, 9 / 5, 6, 8 / 5, 7, 8 fire). Fire is not never-C. Restore hits extraH = 0. Neither is extraH > 0-forever WC never-C.

Interior Pal then fillW is not a uniform restore. Restore or FIRE; 0 OPEN leftover on searched pools (FIRE is C-death, not extraH > 0-forever). Named interiors: 3, 5, 7+8 RESTORE; +9 RESTORE; +7 (min) FIRE at 3, 5, 7, 7, 9, 11; several options on the 3, 8, 9 seed FIRE. Immediate extraN′ = 0 interiors exist (e.g. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13+37). Refusing greedy does not escape Theorem N if extraH returns to 0: never-greedy named walks Pal-cycle with extraH = 0 i.o. (lim inf λ = L or an interior ≤ 2L − 1) or FIRE. Example: 3, 3, 5 interior-fill hist 0,0,0,2,2,0,1,0,1,…, nλL=0, still extraH = 0 i.o., 1-fragile. Same v12 min-plateau FIRE on incomplete H = {1, 2, 4, 6}. Contrast v11 complete H = {1, 2}: k fives then 6 restores extraH = 0 for every k. Job (2)’s implication (ever Pal-greedy ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o.) does not fire as a theorem: fillW does not always restore, and the sequence need not Pal-greedy.

Climb is not an escape

Climb is not uniformly FIRE. After Pal λ = L, a climb either fires (Climb-fire when the solid-run hypothesis holds), restores without FIRE, or leaves g unfilled with the window still ending at g (finite burst toward g). OPEN climbs exist (v13: 60 on 132 prefixes; v14 after any Pal option: CLIMB 33 restore / 78 OPEN / 21 FIRE). They are not extraH > 0-forever. Climb OPEN then fillW: RESTORE 75, FIRE 3. Sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9). Algebraic add of W restores on that FIRE family; consecutive pair in Δ lengthens the run.

Pal-cycle walks (greedy_fill / interior_fill / climb_first / max, max_n=14, freeze L): all FROZEN or FIRE; λ bounded; extraH = 0 i.o. on survivors (e.g. 3, 5, 7 greedy_fill extraH=0 i.o., λ≡7; climb_first FIRE at 9, 10). Escape-DFS “nonplat-extra-cap” samples all have extraH = 0 in the history (mid-cycle, e.g. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 42, 44, 46, 174 about to fillW). Witness extraH > 0-forever WC never-C λ → ∞: none. The cycle picture is not Theorem LN.

On the named start 3, 5, 7 (v12, kept): after λ = L extras {11, 13}, opts {9, 10, 11}. Climb 10 is FIRE-FORCED. Named-start post-fill open_fates = 0 was that family only, not a lemma for every incomplete H.

Adversarial climb-prefer (keep extraH > 0 if possible): every named Δ-positive start restores Pal cyclically or fires. 3, 5, 7: fill 11,13, Pal-cycle, lim inf λ = 7, FROZEN. 3, 3, 5: climb is OPEN, used, then fillg restore, lim inf λ = 5. 5, 7, 9: FIRE-FORCED at 5, 7, 9, 10, 11. No extraH > 0-forever path in the log.

starttracespal-restorefireopen-extra at cap
2, 3, 58701 (plateau)
3, 5, 76711497 (plateaux)
3, 3, 54822215 (plateaux)
2, 5, 610453429 (plateaux)

v12 named-start traces (kept). Every OPEN extraH > 0-at-cap sample is a plateau or a truncated fillg/climb at the length cap — not WC (plateau-fail). Deeper DFS (max_n = 11–14): extraH-never-0 non-plateau =0 on 3, 5, 7 (16127/16127 extra0-hit), 3, 3, 5, 2, 5, 6, 3, 4, 7, 3, 5, 8, 3, 5, 6, 4, 5, 7, 3, 5, 7, 9, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Leftover never0_nonplat samples (4, 6, 7; 3, 7, 8; 5, 7, 9) are truncated plateau-then-one-increment at the cap, not unbounded WC λ → ∞. Zero-1 official (2, 3) candidates 0. Skip-bounded (1, 2) from a2 ≥ 2 candidates []. No witness. Not LN. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9); Stay0 proved; interleaved climb/plateau restore is computational). Consecutive H is still closed. Official (2, 3) remains open.

Lemma Climb-fill, Climb-shrink, Room-1 — type-iii finite

Refuse-fill after Pal λ = L: take a never-C next strictly below g = a+min Δ whenever such a climb exists; fill g only if forced. Must-fill is false (Climb-window width δ; only-greedy 0/108; plateau always legal). Python (erdos348_v16.py / erdos348_v16b.py / erdos348_v17.py / erdos348_v18.py / erdos348_v18_plus1.py). Pal pool this hunt: 108 extraH = 0 never-C prefixes with Δ ≠ ∅, S ≥ 2L. Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. LN is not claimed.

Lemma Climb-fill ExtraH = 0, Pal λ = L, Δ ≠ ∅, a = S − L + 1, δ = min Δ, g = a+δ. Let P′ = P ∪ (P+a). For b = a+k with 0 ≤ k ≤ δ, g ∈ P′+b if and only if δ − k ∈ P′. Plateau k = 0 never fills g; fill-g k = δ always fills; interior 1 ≤ k < δ fills iff δ − k ∉ H.

Proof g − b = δ − k, so g ∈ P′+b iff δ − k ∈ P′. Holes of P′ in [0, L) are still H (Pal term a ≥ L+1). Endpoint k = δ has δ − k = 0 ∈ P′; k = 0 has δ ∈ Δ ⊆ H. □

Lemma Climb-shrink After Pal λ = L, climb b = a+k with 1 ≤ k < δ. If g is not filled and remains the least extra, the never-C window is contained in {max(b, longest+1), …, g} (empty if longest ≥ g: FIRE) and room drops: g − b = δ − k < δ = g − a.

Proof Least extra still g, last = b > a, so room g − b < g − a. Climb-window: [L, g − 1] ⊆ P′ ⊆ P″. First miss ≥ b is still g, so opts ⊆ {b, …, g}, cut further by longest+1. If longest ≥ g the window is empty (FIRE). □

Census, Pal pool 108, interior climbs with g not filled: shrink 87/87. Predicted window [b, g] when g not filled: ok=141, bad=12 (11 ii-FIRE with opts empty, longest ≥ g; one additional 2, 6, 9+10+12, longest = b = 12, opts = {13} = {g} — still a shrink, next is forced fill). Climb-shrink is not a Lyapunov: type-iv fills g and room can grow.

Room-1 When the live never-C window has room 1 (opts ⊆ {last, g}), a WC continuation cannot plateau unbounded (plateau-fail). The next non-repeat is forced fill of g, or FIRE if longest ≥ g. Strict climb (v16b: never repeat last) fills g as soon as interiors are empty.

Type-iii finite A path of iii-SHRINK interiors (g stays least extra, room drops) has length at most δ − 1, then FIRE, Room-1 forced fill, or plateau (not WC). Type-iii is not extraH > 0-forever. Frozen-g-die: Type-iii is finite at every extraH > 0 state, not only after Pal. Pal pool one-step types: PLATEAU-1 108, i-RESTORE 54, iii-SHRINK 76, FILL-G 108, ii-FIRE 11, iv-MIGRATE 12.

typenmeaning
PLATEAU-1 (k = 0)108extraH stays > 0; window unchanged; unbounded continuation not WC
FILL-G (k = δ)108take g: restore, leftover 2a, FIRE, or migrate-on-fill
i-RESTORE54interior climb, extraH → 0
ii-FIRE11g-survive + longest ≥ g (357-greedy-climb family)
iii-SHRINK76g stays least extra, room ↓; finite by Climb-shrink / Room-1
iv-MIGRATE12g filled, extraH > 0; room can stay or grow; leftover after filling g

Named iii-SHRINK: 2, 5, 8+9+11 extras {12, 23}, opts {11, 12}, room 3→1; 3, 6, 8+10+11 room 2→1; 3, 3, 5+7+8 room 2→1. Then Room-1 forced fill or FIRE/restore. Strict walks on the Pal pool: RESTORE0 225, FIRE-FORCED 207, OPEN-EXTRA 0; forced-fill 322 (restore-after-forced 155, fire-after-forced 167).

Python (erdos348_v17.py / erdos348_v18.py). Pal pool this hunt: 108 extraH = 0 never-C prefixes with Δ ≠ ∅, S ≥ 2L (same as v16). Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. LN is not claimed.

Lemma Frozen-g-die — frozen least extra cannot last

Lemma Frozen-g-die There is no extraH > 0-forever WC never-C walk on which, after some index with last ≥ L, the least extra g is frozen (constant).

Proof After that index, extraH > 0, least extra g < ∞, never-C live, last ≥ L, and every later least extra equals this g. Last is nondecreasing. If last is eventually constant, the walk plateaus; plateau-fail says unbounded extraH > 0 plateau is not WC. So last strictly increases infinitely often.

Because last ≥ L and g is least extra in [L, S − L], there is no extra in [last, g): such a hole would be a smaller extra. First miss ≥ last is therefore ≥ g, and the never-C window is contained in [last, g] (or empty = FIRE). Each strict increase b > last with g still least extra has room g − b < g − last. Room is a nonnegative integer, so after at most g − lastn strict steps room hits 0: either g is forced (Fill-available) or opts empty (FIRE). Forced fill of g contradicts frozen-g. FIRE contradicts never-C. □

Corollary Any extraH > 0-forever WC never-C λ → ∞ walk (after last ≥ L) must migrate infinitely often. Each migrate has g′ > g (old g filled; new extras from range expansion sit at the high end; adding a term cannot create holes below the new last). So g is unbounded. Type-iii (no-fill climb) is finite at every extraH > 0 state, not only after Pal.

This closes frozen-g / Type-iii refuse-fill forever. Climb-shrink is the one-step room drop used above; Frozen-g-die is why that drop does kill the frozen subclass, even though it is not a Lyapunov for migrate. The remaining sliver is (extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution)

Lemma Mig-set — leftovers after Pal then b

Lemma Mig-set ExtraH = 0, Pal a = S − L + 1, P′ = P ∪ (P+a), S′ = S+a. Let b be any next term, P″ = P′ ∪ (P′+b), S″ = S′+b. Holes of P″ in [L, S″ − L] are contained in

((a+Δ) ∪ (S′ − H) ∪ (b+H) ∪ (a+b+Δ)) ∩ [L, S″ − L].

Proof x ∈ [L, S″ − L] is a hole of P″ iff x ∉ P′ and x − b ∉ P′. Holes of P′ in [0, S′] are H ∪ (a+Δ) ∪ (S′ − H) (Lemma Δ + extraH = 0). If x ≤ S′, then x ∉ P′ puts x in (a+Δ) ∪ (S′ − H) (since x ≥ L). If x > S′, then x ∉ P′ automatically and x − b ∉ P′ puts x − b in H ∪ (a+Δ) ∪ (S′ − H), so x ∈ (b+H) ∪ (a+b+Δ) ∪ (b+S′ − H). But b+S′ − H = S″ − H sits in [S″ − L + 1, S″ − 1], outside [L, S″ − L]. □

Corollary (types after a g-filling step) New least extra g′ is one of: remaining a+δ′ with δ′ > δ (Type A); a point of S′ − H now interior (Type B, includes leftover 2a = S′ − M); a point of b+H (Type C); a point of a+b+Δ (Type D).

Leftover 2a ∈ S′ − H always, because M ∈ H. It becomes an extra iff 2a − b ∉ P′. By 2a-crit this is a finite check, not an unbounded family. Scope. Mig-set locates leftovers after one Pal-then-b. After a second migrate the prefix is no longer extraH = 0, so Δ / Pal-add no longer locate extras. Not a Lyapunov for migrate i.o. Census Pal+b: ok=369 bad=0.

Lemma Extra-set — leftovers after +c on an extraH > 0 prefix

Lemma Extra-set Let extras of P in [L, S − L] be a finite set E (palindromic with the high mirrors). After adjoining any c, holes of P ∪ (P+c) in [L, S+c − L] sit in E ∪ (S − E) ∪ (c+E) ∪ (c+(S − E)) ∪ (c+H) ∪ (S − H).

Proof Same dichotomy as Mig-set, with extras E in place of a+Δ. A hole x of the new prefix is either an old extra or high-mirror now interior, or an old hole shifted by c. High S+c − H sits outside the extra range. □

Census (v18 tight): Extra-set on migrate+FILL-G nexts ok=329 bad=0, two-step ok=171 bad=0. Earlier iv-MIGRATE-seed scan ok=73 bad=0; broader Pal then extraH > 0 then any next (opts[:12]): ok=900 bad=0. After a second migrate extras need not sit in Mig-set; Extra-set still locates leftovers (containment, not a death; c+E can sit farther out). v18 tight 329/329 and two-step 171/171. Not a Lyapunov for unbounded chains. extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution.

Lemma No-interior-if-solid-below-δ

Lemma No-interior-if-solid-below-δ ExtraH = 0, Pal a = S − L + 1, δ = min Δ, g = a+δ. If [1, δ) ⊆ H, then for every interior climb b = a+k with 1 ≤ k < δ, g is not filled. The only g-filling never-C option after Pal is FILL-G (k = δ).

Proof Climb-fill: g ∈ P′+b iff δ − k ∈ P′. For 1 ≤ k < δ one has 0 < δ − k < δ ≤ L − 1, so δ − k ∈ P′ iff δ − k ∉ H. Solid-below-δ says δ − k ∈ H. Hence g stays extra. FILL-G has δ − k = 0 ∈ P′, so fills g. □

Census: solid-below-δ prefixes 69/108 and 138/505. Interior steps on those: 21/21 and 61/61, all g-unfilled, BAD-filled=0. Corollary: Type A interior migrate requires some j ∈ [1, δ) with j ∉ H. On this Pal pool the realised case is δ = 3, 2∉H, k = 1. Gapped Δ is common; gapped-Δ interior migrate is rare because most gapped Δ still have [1, δ) ⊆ H.

Lemma Near-fill / Type-A-peel-identity

Lemma Near-fill / Type-A-peel-identity ExtraH = 0, Pal a, consecutive Δ = {3, 4, …, r} with r ≥ 3, 2∉H. Interior k = 1 (b = a+1, in the Climb-window). Then g = a+3 is filled, and the leftover near extras in a+Δ are exactly {a+4, …, a+r}, consecutive, size |Δ| − 1. Room 3→3. New least extra g′ = a+4. A pure near-fill chain on this block is finite.

Proof Climb-fill: a+d is filled by b = a+1 iff d − 1 ∈ P′. For d = 3, d − 1 = 2∉H and 2 < L, so 2 ∈ P′ and g is filled. For 4 ≤ d ≤ r, d − 1 ∈ {3, …, r − 1} ⊆ Δ ⊆ H, so a+d survives. Room: g − a = 3 and g′ − b = (a+4) − (a+1) = 3. □

Census (Pal pool 108): the 9 Type A iv-MIGRATE events all have this shape. Identity 9/9. Each subsequent last+1 peels one more from the consecutive block and keeps room 3. Finite block ⇒ pure near-fill is finite. Not a theorem that the walk dies as never-C: high extras (≥ 2a) and Extra-set c+E can remain, and FIRE can occur before the block is empty.

Lemma Two-n family

Lemma Two-n For every integer n ≥ 6, the prefix [2, n, n+2] is extraH = 0, S = 2L, L = n+2, H = {1} ∪ {3, …, n − 1} ∪ {n+1}, Δ = {3, 4, …, n − 2} consecutive, 2∉H. Pal a = n+3 is legal. Interior k = 1 is a Type A / Near-fill migrate with leftover near of length n − 5, room 3→3.

Proof Subset-sums of {2, n, n+2} are {0, 2, n, n+2, n+4, 2n+2, 2n+4}. Holes in [1, n+1] are everything except 2 and n. M = n+1. Δ = H ∩ (M − H) is {3, …, n − 2}. Pal a = n+3. Type-A-peel-identity applies. □

FOUND live migrate-chain ≥3 (not official (2, 3)). Pal pool 108 live chain_max=2 was a pool artefact. Witness: 2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 (never-C, extraH > 0). Longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1: n=16 live 4 then FIRE; n=20 live 5; n=40 live 9; n=60: 13 then FIRE. forever_np=0. Each walk is finite C. No uniform bound on chain length, and no extraH > 0-forever example. Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump and is not a death. Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. LN not claimed.

ngreedy nm then FIRElive chain_maxforever_np
10320
1343 (witness 2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)0
16540
20650
401090
601413 then FIRE0

Lemma Near-Δ — FILL-G extras in [L, 2a)

Lemma Near-Δ ExtraH = 0, Pal λ = L, a = S − L + 1, δ = min Δ, g = a+δ. After adjoining g (FILL-G), the extras of P″ in [L, 2a) are exactly

{a+d : d ∈ Δ, d > δ, (d − δ) ∈ H}.

Proof Lemma Δ: extras of P′ in [L, S′ − L] are a+Δ. All of these lie in [a+δ, a+max Δ] ⊆ [a+1, a+L − 2]. Since a = S − L + 1 ≥ L+1 and S ≥ 2L, one has a+L − 2 < 2a, so a+Δ ⊂ [L, 2a). Also 2a = S′ − (L − 1) = (S′ − L)+1, so 2a is not yet in the extra range of P′.

Climb-fill: a+d ∈ P′+g iff d − δ ∈ P′. The case d = δ is 0 ∈ P′, so g is filled. For d > δ, d − δ ∈ (0, L), hence d − δ ∈ P′ iff d − δ ∉ H.

No new extras appear in [L, 2a): for x < g, x ∈ P′+g iff x ∈ P′, and extras of P′ start at g; for g < x < 2a, if x ∈ P′ then x stays filled, and if x ∉ P′ then x ∈ a+Δ. High extras ≥ 2a are outside this claim (2a-crit / Type B). □

Census (this Pal pool): ok=108 bad=0.

Corollary Near-finite After one FILL-G the near leftover is a proper subset of a+Δ, of size < |Δ|. A pure near-fill chain is finite. Migrate i.o. requires high extras (≥ 2a) to keep regenerating after the near window is exhausted — or a Type A remaining a+δ′ that is then not filled, followed by a later jump (the 12 iv-MIGRATE, Type A peel 9 / Type B leftover-2a 3).

Lemma Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W

Lemma Remaining-W ExtraH = 0, Pal a = S − L + 1, P′ = P ∪ (P+a). Let b be any further term, P″ = P′ ∪ (P′+b). Extras of P″ in [L, 2a − 1] are ⊆ a+Δ.

Proof Lemma Δ: extras of P′ on [L, S′ − L] = [L, 2a − 1] are exactly a+Δ. Adding b only adds points. □

Lemma Fill-W-item b = a+k, d ∈ Δ. Then a+d ∈ P″ iff d = k or (0 ≤ d − k < L and d − k ∉ H).

Proof a+d ∉ P′ (Lemma Δ), so a+d ∈ P″ iff d − k ∈ P′. If d − k < 0, no. If d − k = 0, yes. If 1 ≤ d − k ≤ L − 1, Pal extraH = 0 plus Pal-add (extras of P′ live in [a, a+L − 1]) give d − k ∈ P′ iff d − k ∉ H. □

Near-Δ is the k = δ case. Census, 185-prefix pool, every Pal-then-next: Remaining-W 792/792, Fill-W-item 792/792.

Lemma Post-W After Pal then any finite later string, if a+Δ ⊆ Pnow then extras in [L, 2a − 1] are empty, so extraH > 0 ⇒ g ≥ 2a.

Proof Remaining-W persists under further additions. □

Corollary W-chase finite Each remW-migrate strictly increases min{d ∈ Δ : a+d unfilled}. At most |Δ| such jumps, then Post-W. Frozen remW-g in between is Frozen-g-die.

Post-W one-steps on the 185 pool: 11/11 have g ≥ 2a, extras exactly {2a, S″ − 2a} (including the three that look like {2a, 2a+2}). The three “high” leftovers {26, 28}, {30, 33}, {30, 33} are those twins (S″ = 54, 63, 63). Fillg taking 2a restores all 11. HAS-2a-PLUS is not a new high-tail family.

Lemma (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g

Lemma (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g ExtraH = 0, Pal a = S − L + 1, δ = min Δ, g = a+δ. Then 2a ∈ P″ if a − δ ∈ P′. In particular, if S ≥ 2L+δ − 1 (Join (⋆)), then a − δ ≥ L, hence a − δ ∈ [L, g − 1] ⊆ P′ (Climb-window), so filling g fills 2a.

Proof 2a − g = a − δ. If a − δ ≥ L, then a − δ < a ≤ g − 1, so a − δ ∈ [L, g − 1] ⊆ P′. And a − δ ≥ L iff S − L+1 − δ ≥ L iff S ≥ 2L+δ − 1. If instead a − δ < L, then 2a survives iff a − δ ∈ H. □

Pal+FILL-G on this pool: (⋆) holds 90/108, leftover-has-2a among those 0. (⋆) fails 18, leftover-has-2a 12 (the 8 LEFTOVER-2a plus 4 HAS-2a-PLUS).

FILL-G is one per prefix (Fill-available). It is not uniformly restore (v14 leftover 2a; v16 tagged FILL-G 108). Filling only min Δ, not all of W = a+Δ, is why leftover is common — distinct from v15 algebraic-W leftover (rare 2a).

after Pal+gcount
restore extraN=038
leftover extraN> 070
FIRE0

Among the 70 leftovers: near extras nonempty 62, only-high 8. Kinds: LEFTOVER-2a 8, HAS-2a-PLUS 4, NEAR-PLUS 58. Room after FILL-G can grow 24, stay 37, or shrink 9 — not a Lyapunov. Examples: 2, 5, 8+9+12 extras {18} room 3→6 (only-high 2a); 3, 5, 7+9+11 extras {13, 22} room 2→2 (near 13=a+4 + high 22); 2, 6, 8+9+12 extras {13, 24} room 3→1; 2, 2, 7, 12+13+18 extras {26, 28} room 5→8 (only-high); 4, 6, 9+11+12 extras {14, 28} room 1→2. Common, finite, not extraH > 0-forever. Prototype leftover-2a 2, 5, 8, 9, 12: G-survive seen 21, fire 9, restore 16, plat 4, mig 0, fnp 0.

iv-MIGRATE: interior climb 1 ≤ k < δ, old g filled, extraN > 0, new g′ > g. Distinct from FILL-G (k = δ) and from i-RESTORE (extraN=0). One-step 12, all DFS-die, not a theorem. Room grow 3, stay 9, drop 0. Type A peel 9 / Type B leftover-2a 3. Type A: interval Δ starting at 3, 2∉H, k = 1, room 3→3, consecutive leftover |Δ| − 1. Type B: singleton Δ, leftover 2a, room grows, further mig = 0 on those seeds.

startPal+a+bk/δextras afterroomtype
2, 6, 8+9+101/3{13, 22}3→3A peel
2, 2, 7, 12+13+163/5{26}5→10B leftover-2a
2, 3, 8, 14+15+183/6{30}6→12B leftover-2a
3, 4, 7, 13+15+183/6{30}6→12B leftover-2a
2, 6, 9+10+111/3{14, 24}3→3A
2, 7, 10+11+121/3{15, 16, 26, 27}3→3A
2, 8, 11+12+131/3{16, 17, 18, 28, 29, 30}3→3A
2, 8, 10+11+121/3{15, 16, 17, 26, 27, 28}3→3A
2, 7, 9+10+111/3{14, 15, 24, 25}3→3A
2, 9, 11+12+131/3{16, 17, 18, 19, 28, …}3→3A
2, 9, 12+13+141/3{17, 18, 19, 20, 30, …}3→3A
2, 10, 12+13+141/3{17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 30, …}3→3A

That is why Climb-shrink is not a global potential. Deeper DFS ALL never-C from these 12 (n ≤ 16, 12000 nodes): every fnp=0. Sum seen 309, fire 195, restore 132, plat 30, later-mig 77. Max migrate-chain along a path on this Pal pool: 2 (only 2, 10, 12, 13, 14; chain≥3 = 0) — a Pal-pool artefact, not a bound. Sample of a second jump: 2, 10, 12, 13, 14+15 g 17→18; then +17+18 g 18→21 extraN 7→2 extras {21, 65}, then FIRE/plat. v18 Two-n peel: live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). None of the 12 Pal-pool seeds is extraH > 0-forever. Not a theorem for every incomplete H. No infinite walk.

Unique leftover prefixes after a g-filling step: 82 (70 FILL-G leftover + 12 iv-MIGRATE). G-survive DFS all never-C (n ≤ 13, 6000 nodes): seen 1260, fire 762, restore 591, plat 135, later-mig 198, forever_np=0. Max chain 2, chain≥3 0 on this Pal pool (v17 artefact; v18 Two-n live ≥4 then FIRE). fillg-continue (always take current g when legal): RESTORE0 49, FIRE 33, OPEN 0. Later-mig-on-fillg 41. No OPEN leftover under greedy fill-g. Deeper FILL-G leftover: seen 951, fire 567, restore 459, plat 105, mig 121, fnp=0. G-survive forever on this Pal-pool leftover class is empty at cap. Closed as a source of examples. Not a theorem.

Later-mig samples (room can grow again after leftover): 4, 6, 9, 11, 12+14 g 14→28 room 2→14; 2, 2, 7, 12, 13, 18+22 g 26→28 room 8→6; 2, 8, 11, 12, 15+16 g 16→32 room →16. Second jumps exist on Pal pool 108; a third on a live never-C extraH > 0 path was not seen there. v18 Two-n peel: live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). Not a death. No infinite walk. Finite-tail min λ > 2L − 1 occurred once (4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 14, 28): Pal term λ = L = 9 ≤ 17 = 2L − 1, later fill-g terms λ = 19, 29, 29. Not a Pal-L counterexample (liminf of the whole walk includes the Pal term). Pal-L stands.

The v16b 47 room=1 fill leftovers: from Pal, strict-climb until room=1 (or no strict), then fill g: restore 52, fire 5, still-extra 47. Room after those fills: grow 25, stay 22, shrink 0. STRICT / all-opts DFS from the 47: forever_np = 0, 47/47 dead in the hunt (fire / restore / forced-then-die). fill-g chain from the 47: RESTORE 22, FIRE 25, OPEN 0; chain length min/max 2/3 (greedy 3 then FIRE). Rechecked, still empty as extraH > 0-forever. Not a theorem for every incomplete H.

No Minkowski finish lemma. Algebraic Restore-W of W = a+Δ is already false (v14 leftover 2a). Minkowski-add of leftover extras after filling g restored extraH = 0 on the 70 Pal+FILL-G leftovers and on the 47 room=1-fill leftovers (one-shot census). Sequential never-C fillW can FIRE before the leftover is finished (v14). After a second migrate, extras are not located by Δ. Tail after adjoining leftover extras is census-empty, not an identity. Leftover extras look Minkowski-finite on this pool; greedy fill-g from leftovers is restore-or-FIRE with OPEN=0. That is a census, not a finish lemma, and not LN.

3, 7, 9+11, 13, 15 is FIRE, not extraH > 0-forever. Pal then FILL-G leftover then a second fill that FIREs. Prefix 3, 7, 9: extraH = 0, H = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8}, L = 9, Δ = {2, 4, 6}, S = 19, Pal a = 11, W = {13, 15, 17}.

prefixextraNextrasnever-Cnote
3, 7, 90—{9, 10, 11}Pal legal
+113{13, 15, 17}{11, 12, 13}Pal-add =W
+13 (fill-g, k = δ = 2)4{15, 17, 26, 28}{13, 14, 15}remW {15, 17}, twins of S″ = 43
+152{17, 41}∅FIRE longest = 23 ≥ 17 = g
+14 instead2{15, 42}∅FIRE longest = 26
+13 plateau5{15, 17, 28, 39, 41}{13, 14, 15}GROW, not WC

Same kill as 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67: filling Pal-add extras lengthens a run past remaining W. DFS from 3, 7, 9, 11, 13: seen=9, fire=6, restore=0, forever=1 (plateau), fnp=0. Not extraH > 0-forever WC. Not a migrate-forever seed.

Greedy migrate-seeking walks from the 12 seeds: RESTORE0 8, FIRE-FORCED 28, OPEN-EXTRA 0; max migrates on a greedy walk 3 then FIRE (seed 2, 10, 12, 13, 14+15+16+17). Live DFS chain_max = 2 on Pal pool 108 (v17 artefact). Expanded iv-strict chain_max = 3, ge4 = 0 (census on 22 expanded interior seeds; not a bound). Pal-pool/expanded DFS ge4=0 does not cover Two-n plus1. v18 Two-n: live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump (73/73, v18 tight 329/329) but is not a death.

Remaining (v22). extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). By Frozen-g-die, any extraH > 0-forever WC never-C λ → ∞ walk must jump g infinitely often. Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W / W-chase finite close remW-migrate (at most |Δ| jumps, then g ≥ 2a); high extras after Post-W remain. Near-Δ / Mig-set describe one leftover after Pal-then-b. After a second migrate the prefix is no longer extraH = 0. Hunt: Pal-pool live chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Expanded iv-strict chain_max 3, ge4 = 0 (census, not a theorem). v18 FOUND live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump but is not a death. 47/47 room=1 leftovers dead. forever_np = 0 on hunted leftovers. No infinite walk. Not a theorem. Climb-kill is false; Restore-W is false; Climb-shrink is not a Lyapunov; Frozen-g-die / Remaining-W / Extra-set are proved (Extra-set is containment, not a death); Frozen-g-die does not apply once g jumps; W-chase finite does not kill high extras after Post-W; Near-Δ does not apply after the second jump; Minkowski of leftover extras is not a finish lemma. LN is not claimed. Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. No witness.

Lemma Peel-finite — near migrates ≤ |Δ|

Lemma Peel-finite ExtraH = 0, Pal a = S − L + 1. Remaining-W: extras in [L, 2a) sit in a+Δ. Each near migrate (new least extra still in a+Δ) peels at least one of those. At most |Δ| such jumps, then remW is empty (Post-W). Corollary (High-jump-necessary): any extraH > 0-forever WC never-C walk that ever Pal-greedies must thereafter make infinitely many high-jumps (new g ∉ a+Δ, equivalently g ≥ 2a).

Proof Remaining-W persists under later additions. Fill-W-item: each near migrate strictly increases min{d ∈ Δ : a+d unfilled} (W-chase). Finite Δ ⇒ finite near chain. After remW empty, extraH > 0 ⇒ g ≥ 2a (Post-W). Frozen remW-g in between is Frozen-g-die. □

Type-A-peel-identity is the consecutive-Δ, 2∉H, k = 1 case: room stays 3, leftover |Δ| − 1 consecutive. Two-n FIREs with remW still nonempty — Peel-finite does not say the walk restores; it says a pure near-peel cannot be extraH > 0-forever. Forever needs high-jumps. Census inherited: Remaining-W / Fill-W-item 792/792; Near-Δ-k 369/369 and 76/76; Room-3 peel on Two-n t=2..t* n=60 ok=60 (v19).

Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies / Lemma Gap-r / t*

Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies For every integer n ≥ 6, the Pal-then-last+1 walk on [2, n, n+2] terminates at

t*(n) = minr ⌈(n + r(r+1) − 3) / (r+1)⌉,

the first t with some Gap-r ≤ 0. n = 6 RESTORE (extraH = 0, opts nonempty). n ≥ 7 FIRE (opts empty, extraH > 0, remW leftover ≥ 1). Not extraH > 0-forever. Not official (2, 3). Live chains ∼ 2√n are not a witness. The plus1 family is dead as a theorem.

Lemma Gap-r Let Bt = {n+3, …, n+2+t} and Ir the r-subset-sum interval of Bt. Then

gapr(n, t) = min((2n+2)+Ir) − max(2+Ir+1) − 1 = n − 3 + r + r2 − (r+1)t.

Proof sketch Prefix [2, n, n+2] is extraH = 0, S = 2L, Δ = {3, …, n − 2}, Pal a = n+3 legal, 2∉H, δ = 3 (Two-n family). Pal then last+1: room stays 3, g = last+3, last+1 fills g via offset 2 and peels one near extra. Subset sums of Bt fill intervals Ir. The first-generation run 2+Ir+1 and the n-shifted run (2n+2)+Ir have that algebraic gap. t* is the least t with some gapr≤0. At t*−1 the walk is live; the next last+1 closes a gap, longest jumps past last+3, opts empty: FIRE. For n = 6 the same step clears extras: RESTORE. t*∼2√n. remW leftover n−3−t*≥1 at FIRE for n≥7, so the death is C, not restore. Finite. Not 1-robust. □

Census Gap-r, n=6..40, t=1..t*+2, r=1..min(t, 11): n=1656 ok=1656 bad=0. Pal-then-+1 vs t*, n=6..120 plus 150, 200: 117/117 exact match (reach t*, +1 legal until then, death as predicted). FIRE=116, RESTORE=1, illegal=0, early=0. Named: n=16 t*=7 last=25 n_live=5 extraN=14 FIRE; n=40 t*=12 last=54 n_live=10 FIRE; n=60 t*=15 last=77 n_live=13 FIRE. Room-3 on t=2..t*: n=60 ok=60. Off the remaining-gap list as a forever source.

nt*n_livedeathforever?
6—0RESTOREno
8—1FIREno
13—4FIRE (witness 2, 13, 15, …, 21)no
1675FIRE last=25no
401210FIRE last=54no
601513FIRE last=77no
200——matches t*no

Kill “max chain 2” as a remaining-gap bound. v17 Pal-pool live chain_max=2, chain≥3=0 was a pool artefact (n≤12). v18 FOUND live ≥4 then FIRE, growing with n. v19 proves the plus1 walk dies at t*(n) for every n≥6. Finite chains getting longer in n are the opposite of extraH > 0-forever, and also the opposite of a uniform chain bound. Not a witness. Not official (2, 3).

all-opts DFS from Pal+k=1 seeds (census, not a theorem): n=8,10,13,16 STRICT/ALL fnp=0, live_cm=1,2,3,4. n=20 STRICT fnp=0 live_cm=5; ALL fnp=1 is a DFS cap, greedy FIREs at t*=8 — not a certified forever walk. Neighbour plus1 [2, n, n+1] / [2, n, n+3] / [3, n, n+3] OPEN=0 at listed n (census, not a theorem).

Lemma CE-blocked-by-near

Lemma CE-blocked-by-near / CE-above-g After Pal, while remW survives (some a+d still extra, d∈Δ), a fresh point of c+E cannot be the least extra. New least extra, if extraH stays > 0 and never-C lives, sits in remaining a+Δ or (after remW dies) at ≥ 2a, not in fresh c+E.

Proof Extra-set: after +c, extras sit in E∪(S−H)∪(c+H)∪(c+E). Remaining-W: extras in [L, 2a) are ⊆ a+Δ. Fresh c+E lives in the new high band (Band-solid). While a near extra survives, least extra is that near extra, strictly below any fresh c+e. □

Census: Pal-108 leftover nexts remW-survives ⇒ g∉c+E 905/905 (v21 recensus). leftovers ineq 1105/1105. TOTAL live g∈c+E = 0 on Pal-108 / expanded / Two-n leftovers (v20). v22 remW-survives leftover nexts 3701, all CE-blocked-by-near; fresh c+E as live new g after remW empty: 0. Extra-set still locates high c+E; they are not least until remW dies, and Two-n FIREs first. Containment, not a Lyapunov.

Lemma Palindrome-midpoint / Unique-extra-is-mid

Lemma Palindrome-midpoint Interior extras of a finite prefix are palindromic around S/2: x is extra iff S−x is extra. In particular a singleton extra {g} forces S = 2g.

Proof Finite subset sums are palindromic: y∈P iff S−y∈P (Lemma F). Restrict to extras in [L, S−L]. A unique extra x satisfies x = S−x, so S is even and x = S/2. □

Same statement as Lemma Unique-extra-is-mid (v21). Census unique-extra states (leftovers + leftover nexts + extra_starts_small): 44/44. Of those, x≥2L−1 on 19, x<2L−1 on 25. The inequality for fill-g restore needs the large side.

Lemma Midpoint-singleton-restores / Fill-2a-singleton-restores

Lemma Midpoint-singleton-restores Extras {g}, g least extra so [L, g)⊆P, and g≥2L−1. Adjoin c = g. Then extraH = 0. Predicted leftover {2g−h : h∈H, h>g−L, g−h∈H} is empty.

Proof Palindrome-midpoint: S = 2g. New sum S′ = 3g, extra range [L, 3g−L]. A point x is extra of P′ iff L≤x≤3g−L, x∉P, and x−g∉P (if x≥g).

1. x<g: [L, g)⊆P. None.

2. x = g: filled by 0+g.

3. x∈(g, 2g−L]: the only old interior hole was g, so x∈P.

4. x∈(2g−L, 2g]: high holes x = 2g−h, h∈H. Remains extra iff g−h∉P. If g−h≥L then g−h∈[L, g)⊆P. If g−h<L then h>g−L. But h≤L−1, so such h exists only if g<2L−1. Hypothesis g≥2L−1 forbids this. None.

5. x∈(2g, 3g−L]: x−g∈(g, 2g−L]⊆P. Also 2g = S∈P.

Predicted leftover empty. □

Corollary Fill-2a-singleton-restores After Pal a = S0−L+1≥L+1, leftover-2a extras {2a} has g = 2a≥2L+2≥2L−1. Fill 2a restores. Frozen-g-die: refusing to fill cannot be extraH > 0-forever WC never-C. Hence leftover-2a singleton after remW empty always restores or FIREs/plateaus (finite).

Same Unique-mid-FILL-G-restores (v21) for x≥2L−1, census 14/14 on those. Skip 25: x not in opts or x<2L−1 — the inequality is not claimed for small unique-mids (e.g. extra_starts_small [2, 4, 4] g=5). FILL-BELOW of Unique-mid restored 106/106 on 21 emptying-LIVE seeds (census, not a theorem).

LIVE5 / remW-emptying 2g-jump singleton (v21 seeds, v22 recensus): filling old g leaves extras {2·last} = S′/2. Identities 5/5. fill-g RESTORE 5/5. DFS fnp=0 cm=0. Greedy slow/fast/grow: RESTORE0 9, FIRE-FORCED 6. Frozen-g-die applies to the fire-forced branches.

Pal+b leftover-2a, extraN>1, and the h* lemma

Lemma Pal+b leftover-2a ⇒ h*∉H unless h*=0 After Pal then one b = a+k, leftover-2a iff M−h*∈H with h*=k−(S−2L+2). Climb-window 0≤h*<min Δ ⇒ h*∉Δ. Then h*∈H would put h*∈Δ. extraN=1 iff h*=0; extraN>1 ⇒ h*∉H ⇒ partner−2a = h*∈P″ ⇒ +2a fills the palindrome partner.

v20 algebraic legs (2a-leftover-location, h*-not-in-Δ, 2aH-in-P″) are theorems, census 13/13 on union 543. extras-are-pair and SH-preimage were 13/13 on that hunt, not identities for every incomplete H. Fill-2a-restores is a theorem given pair+SH. v22 Pal+b leftover-2a unique 12 (union 378): extraN hist {1:8, 2:4}, extraN>2 0, extras==pair 12/12, 2a+H⊂P 12/12, fill-g RESTORE 12/12. extraN=1 ⇒ h*=0: 8/8. extraN>1 ⇒ h*∉H: 4/4. Off Pal+b, extras-are-pair fails (extraN=3 exists).

Not “fill leftover-2a always restores, every incomplete H.” extraN>1 leftover after remW empty is the remaining leftover-2a hole.

remW-emptying LIVE / Post-W / never-hit-Pal (v21–v22 hunts)

Pal-legal union 378 (pool 108 + expanded 185 + Two-n n≤36 + other Pal-legal 230). Pal-then-any leftovers 1274 (remW>0 1262, Post-W 12). Leftover nexts 4636. remW-survives 3701 (CE-blocked-by-near). remW-emptied 799: RESTORE 766, FIRE 0, LIVE 33. already-Post-W 136.

Unique remW-emptying LIVE: 33. Shape and fill-g:

shapenfill-g
MID+2G (singleton S=2g=2·gold)13RESTORE 13
MID only (singleton S=2g, not exactly 2gold)8RESTORE 8
Pal-2a extraN>12RESTORE 2
2G extraN>18RESTORE 8
extraN>1 neither Pal-2a nor 2G2RESTORE 2

extraN=1 21 (all midpoint, g≥2L−1 21/21, pred empty 21/21 — theorem applies). extraN>1 12 (extraN=3 twice: [2, 4, 14, 20, 21, 27, 28] extras [56, 58, 60]; [2, 4, 16, 22, 23, 30, 31] extras [62, 64, 66]). fill-g RESTORE 33/33. fill-g LIVE: none. DFS all 33: seen 6706, fire 5229, restore 2239, plat 422, mig 613, fnp=0, chain_max=1 (only extraN>1 seeds migrate once then die). Greedy OPEN-EXTRA 0. extraN>1 remW-emptying is census restore, not a theorem: pair identity relative to Pal 2a fails off Pal+b; extraN=3 exists.

v21 Pal-108 slice (subset): remW-emptying 242 = RESTORE 237 + LIVE 5 Unique-mid + FIRE 0. The five LIVE all land Unique-mid extras={2g}=S′/2, g is not fresh c+E. ALL-OPTS DFS: seen 95, fire 154, restore 133, plat 30, mig 0, fnp=0, chain_max 0. Those five die by the Unique-mid theorem + Frozen-g-die + FILL-BELOW census.

Post-W leftovers 12 (v22 union; v21 Pal-108 had 11), all g=2a. fill-g RESTORE 12/12. Post-W live g=2a 72 (frozen; Frozen-g-die), g>2a 4. Post-W live migrates 4, all primary tag c+H, extras a palindrome pair with high partner (not least):

  • [2, 2, 7, 12, 13, 18]+22: g 26→28, extras [28, 48], fill-g RESTORE
  • [2, 3, 8, 14, 15, 21]+27: g 30→33, extras [33, 57], fill-g RESTORE
  • [3, 4, 7, 13, 15, 21]+27: g 30→33, extras [33, 57], fill-g RESTORE
  • [3, 4, 10, 16, 18, 24]+33: g 36→39, extras [39, 69], fill-g RESTORE

fill-g after migrate RESTORE 4/4. DFS fnp=0 cm=0. S−H as live new g (not also 2a/c+H): 0. Not a theorem that every Post-W c+H migrate restores.

Never-hit-Pal. extra_starts_small 81. g=2·last: 0. fill-g RESTORE 7, LIVE 74. These are never-hit-Pal incomplete starts (typically g=last+1), not remW-empty leftover-2a. Midpoint hypothesis g≥2L−1 fails (e.g. [2, 5, 5] g=6). true-never-at-cap 0 (v16). Unchanged as a theorem. v20 oldE-high fill-g LIVE 17, DFS fnp=0 chain_max 3 — not leftover-2a, not extraH>0-forever on that hunt.

Families killed, v16–v22 (never-C λ→∞ WC 1-robust / official (2, 3))

familywhy dead
consecutive H, never-C, any LTheorem L-cons (v12). LN not claimed for incomplete H
frozen-g extraH>0-forever WC never-CEmpty. Lemma Frozen-g-die
Type-iii refuse-fill foreverFinite by Climb-shrink / Room-1 / Frozen-g-die
Extra-set as a Lyapunov / deathFalse. Containment. c+E can sit farther out
migrate-chain uniformly <4 / Pal-pool max chain 2 as a boundFalse. Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact. Two-n live chains grow with n, then FIRE
live migrate-chain ≥3 / ≥4 as a witnessFOUND, then FIRE. Not extraH>0-forever. Not official (2, 3)
[2, n, n+2] Pal-then-+1 extraH>0-foreverEmpty. Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies. n=6 restore; n≥7 FIRE at t*. 117/117
remW-survives leftover next with g∈c+EEmpty. Lemma CE-blocked-by-near. TOTAL live g∈c+E = 0
leftover-2a singleton after remW empty extraH>0-foreverEmpty. Midpoint-singleton-restores + Frozen-g-die
LIVE5 remW-emptying 2g-jumpEmpty. Theorem + DFS fnp=0. fill-g RESTORE 5/5
Pal-108 remW-emptying LIVE 5 / Post-W unique-mid 8 / pair 3Empty as forever on that slice (v21). FILL-G theorem, FILL-BELOW census, Frozen-g STAY
remW-emptying LIVE (33 unique, v22 hunt) extraH>0-foreverNo example. fill-g RESTORE 33/33, DFS fnp=0 cm=1. extraN>1 is census, not a theorem
Pal+b leftover-2a (12 unique) extraH>0-foreverNo example. fill-g RESTORE 12/12. extraN=1 by theorem; extraN=2 census
Post-W leftover fill-g / Post-W c+H migrate (this hunt)No example. RESTORE 12/12 and 4/4. DFS fnp=0. Not a theorem for every H
sequential Restore-WFALSE. Witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2
algebraic Restore-WFALSE. 2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9
extraH>0-forever WC never-C λ→∞No example

Witness (official (2, 3) or extraH>0-forever WC λ→∞): none.

Honest remaining gap (v22)

Not a solution of official #348. LN not claimed. Two-1s not negatively settled. The sliver that would still feed official (2, 3) as a two-1s remainder is a WC never-C incomplete-H walk that never returns extraH = 0 (S≥2L) and has λ→∞. FIRE branches are dead as never-C. Pal-cycle branches are extraH = 0 i.o. (1-fragile). Plateau branches are not WC. Frozen-g / Type-iii / Two-n plus1 / remW-survives-c+E-as-g / leftover-2a singleton are empty.

  1. extraN>1 leftover after remW empty. Singleton leftover-2a is closed. extraN>1 remW-emptying fill-g restores on 12/12 here (not a theorem; extraN=3 exists; pair identity fails off Pal+b). DFS chain_max=1 then die. No example of regenerating forever.
  2. Post-W c+H. Four Post-W c+H migrates fill-g restore 4/4 here. Not a theorem for every H. S−H as live new g (not 2a/c+H): 0 on this hunt.
  3. Never-hit-Pal. 81 extraH>0 incomplete starts; fill-g LIVE 74. true-never-at-cap 0 (v16). Midpoint hypothesis g≥2L−1 fails. Unchanged as a theorem.
  4. Skip-bounded weak (1, 2) from a2≥2. Unchanged.
  5. Zero-1 official (2, 3). Theorem 2′ never covers these. Unchanged.

Pal-pool “max chain 2” is not a remaining-gap bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists, then FIRE (Two-n). plus1 is a theorem-death, not a remaining family. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. No fake solve.

Lemma F3B — Regime B + extraH = 0 ⇒ Lemma C

Lemma F3B Let P = Pk have sum S, next term a, leftover λ = 1 + S − a, and holes in [0, S] only H ∪ (S − H). If a ≤ S/2 and λ ≥ 2L, then [L, S − L] ⊆ P has length S − 2L + 1 ≥ a, so Lemma C fires.

Proof The length comparison is Lemma E: S − 2L + 1 ≥ 1 + S − λ iff λ ≥ 2L. Regime B gives λ ≥ S/2 + 1, hence λ ≥ 2L as soon as S ≥ 4L − 2. □

This is Lemma E evaluated in B: the leftover is large, so the H ∪ mirrors shape (which palindrome plus frozen H supplies whenever extraH = 0) is enough. Together with Theorem N: a B-prefix that doesn’t fire and has extraH = 0 must have λ ≤ 2L − 1, which for large S contradicts λ ≥ S/2 + 1. So in B, extraH = 0 and never-C are incompatible for large prefixes. Python: 0 F3B failures on every family that entered B with extraH = 0 (Narayana B, extra = +1 remainders, all-ints-from-2/3, padovan B, floor-S/2, floor-S/3). Families that skip the check (dense width-2 with the 1 included; odds-from-3 with L mis-set as 2) certify on the A side or have extra holes from a larger true L.

Lemma F5 — B-ultrafast never-C cannot persist for WC

Call a prefix B-ultrafast if it is in B and a > (S − L)/2. Then the extra zone [a, S − a] has length S − 2a + 1 < L + 1.

Lemma F5 A weakly complete never-C sequence cannot remain B-ultrafast for more than O(1) consecutive indices once S > 6L − 4.

Proof If extraH = 0, F3B fires. If extraH > 0, Lemma CW puts a hole in [a, a+L − 1]. Adding a, a hole at a+h for h ∈ H survives in Pn (the shift uses h ∉ P). WC forbids new permanent holes above max H: if an+1 ≥ a+L, those holes freeze. Thus an+1 ≤ a+L − 1. Then S′ = S + a and a′ ≤ a+L − 1. The next prefix is ultrafast only if a′ > (S′ − L)/2, i.e. a+L − 1 > (S + a − L)/2, i.e. a+3L − 2 > S. In B one has a ≤ S/2, so this would require S/2 + 3L − 2 > S, i.e. S < 6L − 4. For larger S the next prefix is not ultrafast. □

Python: never-C WC sequences in the log are all-A (greedy-from-2, λ ≡ 2), not perpetual ultrafast. Sequences that are perpetual B-fast (floor-S/2 from 2, 3; extra = +1 remainder) have extraH = 0 and fire at k = 3 or 4. Ultrafast-and-never-C occurs only for non-WC families (Fib, extra = +2, extra = +1 from 2, 3, 5), where extraH grows.

Lemma L2 — the L = 2 prefix, including extra 2s

Lemma L2 Let C be nondecreasing, weakly complete, H = {1} (so L = 2), and with no 1s. Then 2 is a term, 3 is a term, and the prefix is one of:

  • 2, 3, 4: P = [0, 9] ∖ {1, 8}, longest run 6. Next ∈ {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}. Next ≤ 6 fires; next = 8 is greedy-from-2 (λ ≡ 2); next = 7 leaves extra hole 8, and WC forces a later term ≤ 8; next ≥ 9 makes 8 permanent, contradicting H = {1}. Staying greedy after 8 gives λ ≡ 2, contradicting λ → ∞ (Lemma A′). Deviating after 8 (repeat 8, or floor-S/2) fires at k = 4 in every tail tested. After 2, 3, 4, 7 the only nondecreasing WC continuations before filling 8 are extra 7s. Every such tail in the log that then keeps λ → ∞ fires (floor-S/2 at k = 5; floor-S/3 at k = 7 via longest run, extraH = 2 still; pick-hole-B at k = 5).
  • 2, 2, …, 2, 3 (k ≥ 2 copies of 2): 4 is already a subset sum of two 2s, so 4 need not be a term. For k = 2, P({2, 2, 3}) = [0, 7] ∖ {1, 6}, longest run 4, WC max next = 6. Next ≤ 4 fires; next = 6 is greedy 2, 2, 3, 6, 12, … with λ ≡ 2; next = 5 is 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 17, 34, … (greedy after filling 6), λ ≡ 2, never-C, 1-fragile. For k = 3, 2, 2, 2, 3 greedy continues 8, 16, …, λ ≡ 2.

Proof of the 2, 3, 4 branch 2 is a term (else 2 is missing and L ≥ 3). 3 cannot be written as a subset sum of a single 2, so if there is only one 2 before 3, then 3 is a term and 4 is not yet in P, hence 4 is a term. The next-term bound is WC at 8. The three bullets are the subset-sum computation on {2, 3, 4} plus the greedy closed form. □

Every WC λ → ∞ continuation constructed after 2, 3, 4, 7 fires (floor-S/2 at k = 5; floor-S/3 at k = 7 via longest run; pick-hole-B at k = 5). The only never-C WC L = 2 objects found are greedy-minimal (possibly after a finite 2k or 2, 2, 3, 5 prefix) and the S − 2 interpolant, all with lim inf λ ≤ 3. Theorem L2∞ now proves there is no unbounded WC never-C L = 2 sequence with λ → ∞, so none of these is 1-robust.

Adversarial stay-in-B: no never-C WC counterexample

Generators aimed at skipping the F2 window then remaining in B: floor-qS after {2, 3, 4, 7} or {2, 3, 4, 8}; pick-a-hole-in-[last, S/2]; greedy for k = 3..6 steps then floor-S/2 or S/3; densify-greedy every 2/3/4; mixed extra; floor-S/2 from 2, 3, 5; dynamic-L never-C walks from 2, 3, 4 (exactly two WC never-C choices at each extraH = 0 step: next S − 2 or S − 1, leftover 3 or 2).

weakly completenot weakly complete
Lemma C firesall-ints-from-2 (in B-slow after k = 3); extra = +1 B (A then B-fast); floor-S/2, S/3, 2S/5 from 2, 3, 4; pick-hole-B from 2, 3 and 2, 3, 4; 2, 3, 4, 7 then any floor / pick-hole; 2, 3, 4, 8 then floor-S/2; densify-greedy (fires on the inserted last+1 steps); mixed extra 0,1 and 1,2 remainders; dense width-2—
Lemma C never firesgreedy-from-2; greedy 2, 2, 3, 6, 12, …; greedy 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 17, … (all lim inf λ ≤ 3, all-A or returning to doubling)Fib-from-2; extra = +2 B; extra = +1 from 2, 3, 5; Brown-equality from 2, 3 (extraH → ∞, GROW-PERSIST)

No example of WC + λ → ∞ + never-C, including inside B. For L = 2 this is Theorem L2∞, not a hunt. The two never-C mechanisms remain exactly v8’s: (a) bounded λ, not 1-robust; (b) not WC, extraH growing, Fib-like. Consecutive H extraH > 0 forever is empty. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}; no example).

A genuine extraH > 0 fire in B-slow: 2, 3, 4, 7 then floor-S/3 has extraH = 2 from n = 5 onward, longest run catches next at n = 7 (long=13, next 13). extraH = 0 is sufficient, not necessary. Middle-run scan: 20 B-slow extraH≤ 2 (shape-ok) prefixes, 4 fire, 16 never-C, and those 16 are all the same 2, 3, 4, 7, 7 step (S = 23, λ = 17, extras {8, 15}, longest = 6). After +8, extraH = 0 and F3B/N apply. extraH > 0-forever is empty for L = 2 by L2∞.

Tribonacci minus two 1s: never-C, all-A, skip leftover → −∞, GROW-PERSIST. Growth faster than φ (trib constant ≈ 1.84). Not a 2-robust remainder.

Brown-equality an+1 = 1 + Sn−1 from 2, 3 produces 2, 3, 3, 6, 9, 15, … (Fib-like without two 1s): never-C, λ → ∞, GROW-PERSIST, 1-fragile. φ-growth starting at ≥ 2 does not even give WC.

Theorem 2′ — two 1s, overlap, extraH = 0 in B, Theorem N, L2∞, and LN

Theorem 2′ Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly 2-robust, with at least two 1s. Let B = A ∖ {a1, a2}. Then B is weakly complete and λnB = λnA − 2 → ∞. If Lemma C fires on B — which is guaranteed by F2/F3 on infinite no-middle once λ ≥ 2L, by L = 1, by F3B on a B-prefix with extraH = 0, or by Theorem N (a never-C B cannot have extraH = 0 i.o. while λ → ∞), or by Theorem L2∞ when L(B) = 2, or by Theorem LN when H(B) is consecutive — and skip leftover ≥ 2L (automatic in B by K2; true of every 2-robust family in A as well), then Theorem 2 applies: some two-1s + late 3-deletion is weakly complete. In particular A is not ∀-3-fragile.

Proof 2-robustness gives that B is weakly complete. Lemma A′ gives λA → ∞, hence leftover on B → ∞. F2/F3 supply the certificate that Theorem 2 assumed via Lemma E’s shape in the infinite-overlap / no-middle case; F3B supplies it on a B-prefix with extraH = 0; Theorem N supplies it whenever extraH = 0 infinitely often (else lim inf λ is finite, contradicting 1-robustness); Theorem L2∞ supplies it when L(B) = 2; Theorem LN supplies it when H(B) is consecutive. Skip leftover ≥ 2L is automatic in B by K2, and → +∞ on every 2-robust family in the log. Lemma D finishes along B′ = B ∖ {ar}. □

Python, two 1s of A, remainder B:

AB certB regime after certskip leftovertwo 1s + late
Narayanak = 1, L = 1A then B-fast→ +∞ZERO
extra = +1, three 1sk = 4, L = 3A then B-fast→ +∞FROZEN
extra = +1, two 1sk = 3, L = 2A then B-fast→ +∞FROZEN
growing extra n/4k = 1, L = 1A then B-fast→ +∞ZERO
two 1s then all intsk = 3, L = 2then B-slow→ +∞FROZEN
dense width 2k = 5, L = 4then B-slow→ +∞FROZEN
padovank = 1, L = 1mixed A/B→ +∞ZERO
mixed extra 0,1k = 4, L = 3A then B-fast→ +∞FROZEN
mixed extra 1,2k = 5 via longest, extraH = 4A/B-fast→ +∞(fires; extraH persists)
floor S/2 after 2, 3k = 4, L = 2B-fast→ +∞FROZEN
trib (not 2-robust)Noneall-A→ −∞GROW
extra = +2 / FibNone—pos / 0GROW

The two-1s class is empty as a source of official witnesses on overlap, on extraH = 0-in-B, on extraH = 0 i.o. (Theorem N), on L(B) = 2 (L2∞), and on consecutive H (Theorem LN). It is still not a cover of all remainders: remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (a WC B with λ → ∞, extraH > 0 at every large prefix, longest run < next, and max-symmetric non-consecutive H, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}, would escape). None is known. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Lemma Inc bounds the increment by L − 1 there.

Theorem 2′(L = 2) — now unconditional

Theorem 2′(L = 2) Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly 2-robust, with at least two 1s. Let B = A ∖ {a1, a2}, and suppose the missing set of B is H = {1} (so L(B) = 2). Then some two-1s + late 3-deletion of A is weakly complete. In particular A is not ∀-3-fragile.

Proof 2-robustness ⇒ B is WC and 1-robust, hence λB → ∞ (A′). Theorem L2∞ ⇒ Lemma C fires on B. Skip leftover is automatic in B by K2; every tested 2-robust remainder has skip leftover → +∞ on the A side as well (v8–v9 tables). Theorem 2 finishes. □

Python, two-1s remainders with L = 2: extra = +1 from two 1s fires at k = 3; two 1s then all integers fires at k = 3; floor-S/2 after 2, 3 fires at k = 4. None is never-C.

Remainders with consecutive H of length L ≥ 3 are now under Theorem LN, not only a hunt. Remainders with non-consecutive H (extra = +1 from three 1s; mixed extra 0,1; dense width-2) still fire in every construction. The extraH > 0-forever escape for max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) remains the condition in Theorem 2′. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2).

Corollary LN2 Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, and weakly 2-robust, with at least two 1s, and let B = A ∖ {a1, a2}. If H(B) is consecutive, or extraH = 0 infinitely often, or L(B) ≤ 2, or Lemma C fires by overlap / F3 / F3B, then some two-1s + late 3-deletion of A is weakly complete. In particular A is not ∀-3-fragile, so A is not an official (2, 3) witness. The two-1s class is empty as a source of official (2, 3) sequences under those hypotheses.

This is our argument, not a posted solution of Erdős #348. Official (2, 3) remains open. Zero-1 sequences are not covered by Theorem 2′ or by LN2. The leftover two-1s hole is remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H: a WC remainder with max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}), extraH > 0 at every large prefix, longest run < next, and λ → ∞. None is known. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Python, two-1s remainders with L ≥ 3: extra = +1 three 1s, dense width-2, mixed extra 0,1, 1, 3, 4, 5 extra = +1, floor S/2 after 3, 4, 5 all fire C (and extraH = 0 i.o.). Greedy B = 3, 4, 5, 6, … is never-C with extraH = 0 i.o. and lim inf λ = 3, not 1-robust as a remainder.

First-hole width, again

Constant extra C with two or three 1s: the first hole of B = A ∖ {two 1s} has width C (width 0 if C = 0 and a third 1 survives). Python, N = 24:

onesCB[:8]hole widthtwo 1s of A
2 or 301, 2, 3, 4, 6, …0ZERO
212, 3, 4, 6, 9, …1 at 1FROZEN
311, 3, 4, 5, 8, …1 at 2FROZEN
2 or 3≥ 2starts C+1 or 1, C+2, …≥ 2GROW-PERSIST

No integer C between 1 and 2. Width ≥ 2 can freeze if the tail is dense (1, 1, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, …: two 1s + late FROZEN miss 2), but then every tested 3-deletion freezes as well (AP-like slack). Width ≥ 2 with a greedy extra = C tail grows — and already the 2-deletion of two 1s grows, so not 2-robust. The sliver does not live here.

Lemma G — gcd / odds obstruction (zero and one 1s)

Lemma G If a nondecreasing sequence A has at most two odd terms, then it is not weakly 2-robust.

Proof Let d = 2. Deleting those (at most two) odd terms leaves a sequence of even terms, hence gcd ≥ 2. Every odd positive integer is missing. Unbounded miss. □

Corollary Weakly 2-robust ⇒ at least three odd terms. In particular:

  • Zero 1s: the three odds are all ≥ 3 (e.g. 3, 5, 7 or 2, 3, 5).
  • One 1: at least two further odds. A tail that is eventually even (powers of 2 after a single 1; extra = 0 from (1, 2) producing 1, 2, 2, 2, 4, 6, 8, …) is immediately 2-fragile: delete the unique 1 and anything, remainder even.

One 1 forces a hidden (1, 2) problem. If A has a unique 1 and is 2-robust, then A ∖ {1} is weakly 1-robust (every 2-deletion that includes the 1 heals). If A is also ∀-3-fragile, then every 3-deletion that includes the 1 and two other terms grows, i.e. A ∖ {1} is ∀-2-fragile. So A ∖ {1} would be a weak (1, 2) witness starting at a2 ≥ 2. Brown–Weiss’s characterisation of strong 1-sequences requires a1 = a2 = 1. A weak (1, 2) starting at ≥ 2 is not known and may be empty; Fibonacci minus one 1 is 2-fragile as a sequence in its own right, so it cannot be the 2-robust A.

Hunt: zero 1s

Exhaustive 2-dels and 3-dels of length-8 prefixes, evaluated at N = 18. GROW 2-dels ⇒ not 2-robust.

sequence2-dels Z/F/G3-dels Z/F/Gwell-sep 3 G/Zverdict
all integers ≥ 20/28/00/56/00/02-robust, 3-robust (frozen {1})
2, 3 then extra = 0, 1, 20–2 frozen, 26–28 GROW56 GROW4/02-fragile
Fib from 20/0/2856 GROW4/02-fragile
2, 3 then binary / slack-binary / jump-fill0/0/2856 GROW4/02-fragile
doubled Fib-ish from 2; 3, 5, 7 extra = 0; Mersenne doubles0/0/2856 GROW4/02-fragile
2, 3, 4, 5, 6 then extra = 00/18/1056 GROW4/02-fragile (late pairs)

The only 2-robust object in the hunt is the dense AP tail starting at 2. By the AP-tail lemma of §8, every finite deletion from that tail remains weakly complete, so it is k-robust for every k. Not ∀-3.

No zero-1 witness. Sparse tails fail 2-robustness (gcd, or φ/binary hole replication). Dense tails are 3-robust.

Hunt: one 1

sequence2-dels Z/F/G3-dels Z/F/Gwell-sep 3 G/Zverdict
all integers ≥ 114/14/016/40/00/02-robust, 3-robust
1 then all ≥ 3 (miss 2)0/28/00/56/00/02-robust, 3-robust
1, 2 then extra = 021/0/718/10/283/12-fragile: all 7 GROW pairs delete the unique 1 (gcd 2)
1, 2 then extra = 1, 27 GROW 2-delsmostly GROW 3-dels3–4 grow2-fragile
1, 3 then extra = 0, 1 (skip 2)0/0/2856 GROW4/02-fragile
Fib minus one 1; 1, 2 binary; 1, 2, 3 then binary0/0/2856 GROW4/02-fragile
doubled powers of 2 (generator starts 1 then v = 1: actually three 1s)28/0/047/0/90/42-robust ∃-3, not ∀-3 (forum-shaped: grow triples are doubled windows)
Mersenne 3·2k−1 doubles, one 14/0/2456 GROW4/02-fragile
1, 2 jump-fill; slack growing13–28 GROW 2-delsmostly GROW 33–4 grow2-fragile

Same trap as zero 1s, plus Lemma G on the unique 1: deleting it together with an early even leaves gcd 2 whenever the tail is even. The only 2-robust one-1 objects found are dense (all integers, or 1 then all ≥ 3), hence 3-robust by AP-tail. Doubled binary looked like a one-1 candidate and is actually three 1s; its nine GROW triples are concentrated doubled windows, every well-separated triple heals — forum multiplicity on powers of 2, ∃-3 not ∀-3.

No one-1 official witness.

Hunt: weak (1, 2) starting at a1 ≥ 2 or a2 ≥ 2, N0 = 12 (and 14)

Need: weakly complete, every 1-del weakly complete, every 2-del unbounded miss.

Lemma Trap / Theorem Trap — C + skip leftover → +∞ is not ∀-2

Lemma Trap / Theorem Trap Let A be nondecreasing, unbounded, WC, with a Lemma-C prefix, and suppose skip leftover λn+1 − an → +∞. Then all sufficiently well-separated late 2-deletions remain WC. In particular A is not ∀-2-fragile.

Proof After C fires, an interval [L, R] grows by Lemma D along A. Deleting two late terms ar, as with r, s large and skip leftover already > ar+as+2L leaves leftover ≥ 2L at the next remaining term; Lemma D on the remainder gives WC. □

Python, late pairs among the last 5 indices of a length-12 prefix: freeze on all-integers-from-2/3, 2-then-odds, primes, odds-from-3, 1-then-odds, narayana B, padovan B, 1, 2 extra = +1, extra = +1 two-1s (14/17 predicted-freeze families). Three near-φ families (extra = +1 remainder; floor-S/2; extra = +1 from 2, 3) have consecutive late pairs GROW-PERSIST — leftover after two consecutive large terms need not stay ≥ 2L — while well-separated pairs freeze. Those are ∃-2, not ∀-2. Fibonacci (skip leftover ≡ 0) is outside the hypothesis and is ∀-2, as it must be.

Corollary (1, 2) at L = 2 from ≥ 2 A weak (1, 2) witness is 1-robust, hence λ → ∞ (A′). If H = {1}, Theorem L2∞ forbids never-C, so C fires. If skip leftover → +∞, Trap says not ∀-2. If skip leftover is bounded, growth is φ-tight: Fib-from-2 and Brown-equality from 2, 3 are not WC; greedy-from-2 has bounded λ, contradicting A′. There is no remaining L = 2 candidate.

Theorem-side obstruction, one level down. The corollary is the L = 2 case. For general L: a weak (1, 2) witness is 1-robust, hence λ → ∞ (A′). If it has extraH = 0 i.o., Theorem N says C fires. If C fires and skip leftover → +∞, Trap says not ∀-2. Therefore a (1, 2) witness with extraH = 0 i.o. must have skip leftover bounded, i.e. φ-like tightness. Fibonacci does this with two 1s (skip ≡ 0, C fires at k = 1 using H = ∅). Starting at ≥ 2:

  • Brown-equality from 2, 3 is not even WC.
  • Fib-from-2 is not WC and is 1-fragile.
  • Greedy-minimal from ≥ 2 has bounded λ, hence is 1-fragile by A′.
  • Dense 1-robust starts (all integers from 2, primes, odds) have skip → +∞ and are 2-robust (too dense).

The remaining (1, 2) obligation at ≥ 2, beyond L = 2, is a 1-robust sequence with L ≥ 3, extraH > 0 at every large prefix, never-C or skip-bounded. No example. The hunt below is that search, plus the computational dichotomy.

Exhaustive 1-dels and 2-dels of length-12 prefixes (C(12,1) = 12, C(12,2) = 66), evaluated at Nlong = 20; mixed rows also at N0 = 14 (C(14,2) = 91). New generators versus the length-8 hunt: primes+composites every 2/3/4; lucky numbers; squares mixed with odds; 2, 3 then odds; mixed extra patterns; floor-S/q; pick-hole-in-B; densify-greedy; greedy from 2, 2, 3 and 2, 2, 3, 5. No POSSIBLE / CANDIDATE weak (1, 2) at ≥ 2, at N0 = 12 or N0 = 14. Among 28 families at N0 = 10: 1-rob never-C count = 0. Exhaustive length-8 prefixes starting at ≥ 2 with next in [last, min(1+S, last+4)]: 90625 prefixes, 89589 1-robust, 0 with all 2-dels GROW, 0 mixed-2 in the sample. Dense short 1-robust prefixes are 2-robust.

1-robust and 2-robust (too dense): all integers from 2 or 3; 2 then odds; 2, 3 then odds; 2, 3, 5 then odds; primes from 2 or 3; primes+composites every 2/3/4; odds from 3; lucky from 1, 3, 7; squares-odds; 1 then odds; 1 then all from 3; 1, 3 then odds; 1, 3, 5 then odds; doubled extra = +1 from 2, 3; doubled primes; padovan minus a 1; floor-S/3 from 2, 3, 5; 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10. AP-like. Not ∀-2.

1-fragile: Fib from 2; greedy 2, 3, 4, 8; greedy 2, 2, 3, 6; greedy 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 17; 2, 3 extra = 0,1,2; 3, 5, 7 extra = 0,1,2; 2, 3, 5 extra = 0,1,2; 2, 3, 5, 7 extra = 0,1; mixed extra 0,2 from 3, 5, 7; densify-greedy; pell/lucas-from-2; B extra = +1 two-1s remainder (3 of 12 1-dels GROW — the 2-robust remainder of extra = +1 is not 1-robust as a sequence in its own right, same as at length 8, now at N0 = 12); 1, 3 extra = 0,1; 1, 3, 5 extra = 0,1; mersenne; 2k + 1; Fib minus one 1; greedy 1, 3 and 3, 5 and 2, 3, 5; trib from 1,1,2; 3, 4, 5, 6 extra = +1; 2, 3, 4, 5 extra = +1; Brown-equality from 2, 3.

1-robust, mixed 2 (not ∀-2): 1, 2 extra = +1 (2-dels 44/16/6 at N0 = 12; 65/20/6 at N0 = 14); 1, 2 extra = +2 (35/24/7; 54/30/7 at N0 = 14); mixed extra 0,1 from 2, 3 (0/56/10); mixed extra 0,1,2 from 2, 3 (0/64/2); mixed extra 1,0 from 2, 3, 5 (0/57/9); floor-S/2 from 2, 3 and from 2, 3, 4 (0/63/3); pick-hole-B 2, 3, 4 (0/63/3); 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 extra = 0 (0/57/9); Narayana remainder (35/24/7); growing n/4 remainder (27/32/7). ∃-2, not ∀-2. The grow pairs are typically early+late or two lates; well-separated 2-dels often freeze.

Same extra-density trap, one level down, on a larger generator list: sparsest WC starts (greedy, including extra 2s) have bounded λ and fail 1-robustness by A′; interpolants that freeze 1-dels freeze most 2-dels and leave a few grow pairs (not ∀-2); densifying until all 2-dels freeze is AP-like. φ-without-two-1s is not WC. One-1 official (2, 3) still reduces to this (1, 2) problem (Lemma G + Theorem N on the extraH = 0 side); the L = 2 case is L2∞ + Trap, and consecutive H is Theorem LN. Remaining: skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2, and remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (1-robust never-C with max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). No example of either. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Skip-bounded Fib+noise from ≥ 2: every 1-robust family tested fires C and is mixed-2 or 2-robust; Fib-from-2 is not WC.

Hunt: odd-rich sparse (2, 3), fewer than two 1s, N0 = 12 (and 14)

Lemma G requires ≥ 3 odds. Exhaustive 2-dels and 3-dels, C(12,2) = 66, C(12,3) = 220. No odd-rich sparse official (2, 3) witness.

2-fragile (typical sparse outcome): 1, 3 extra = 0,1; 1, 3, 5 extra = 0,1; 1, 3, 5, 7 extra = 0,1; mixed extra from 1, 3 and 1, 3, 5; mersenne; 2k + 1; 2, 3, 5 extra = 0,1,2; 2, 3, 5, 7 extra = 0,1; mixed extra from 2, 3, 5; 3, 5, 7 extra = 0,1; 3, 5, 7, 9 extra = 0; 1, 2 extra = +1 (already mixed-2 as a (1, 2), hence 2-fragile as a (2, 3)); slack-binary; floor-S/2 from 2, 3, 5 and 3, 5, 7; densify-greedy 2, 3, 5; pick-hole-B 2, 3, 5 and 3, 5, 7; lucas-ish. Enough odds to beat Lemma G, not enough density to freeze 2-holes.

2-robust and 3-robust (too dense): 1 then odds; 1, 3 then odds; 1, 3, 5 then odds; 2, 3 then odds; 2, 3, 5 then odds; 2, 3, 5, 7 then odds; odds from 3; 3, 5, 7 doubled; lucky from 3 and 7; squares-odds from 3; primes from 2 or 3; primes+composites every 2/3/4. Frozen 2-dels and 3-dels at N0 = 12 (0/66/0 and 0/220/0) and at N0 = 14. AP-like.

Primes at longer prefixes. At N0 = 8, primes were 2-robust ∃-3 (3-dels 0/51/5), the five GROW triples being the finite-prefix artefact (imiss increasing by 2). At N0 = 10 already no GROW 3-dels; at N0 = 12 and N0 = 14 all 220 resp. 364 triples freeze. Not a witness; the artefact died. Same for primes-from-3, primes+composites, 1-then-odds, 2-then-odds, lucky-from-3.

The sliver between “2-fragile because sparse” and “3-robust because dense” is empty in this hunt, including mixed extra, primes+composites, lucky numbers, floor-S/2, and pick-hole-B. Zero-1 dense AP from 2 remains 3-robust by the AP-tail lemma of §8. Unchanged.

Certificate inheritance, checked

Two 1s + late, leftover at the skip λr+1 − ar − 2, and whether B′ inherits B’s certificate:

AB certskip leftover at late rtwo 1s + late
Narayanafires k = 1, width 07, 39, 187, 1871ZERO
extra = +1, three 1sfires→ +∞FROZEN miss 1
extra = +1, two 1sfires k = 3, width 1 at 110, 57, 274, 2742FROZEN miss 1
growing extra ⌊n/4⌋firespositiveZERO
two 1s then all integersfirespositiveFROZEN miss 1
dense width 2fires k = 5, width 2 at 222, 60, 114, 225FROZEN miss 2
extra = +2 (not 2-robust)Nonepositive but irrelevantGROW-PERSIST
Fibonacci (not 2-robust)None−2 at every rGROW-PERSIST

The skip leftover is the quantitative difference between 2-robust remainders and Fibonacci. On Fib it is identically −2; on every 2-robust family it is eventually large.

What is not claimed

Not a solution of official #348. The case (m, n) = (2, 3) remains OPEN. Strong completeness is already impossible for m ≥ 2. This section does not close the weak case.

Not Theorem LN for every finite H, and not L-cons. Consecutive H remains closed (v11: L2∞, L3-never-C, Join-sums for L ≥ 5). extraH = 0 i.o. is not claimed for incomplete / max-symmetric non-consecutive H (remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed). Lemma Δ is now extras = a+Δ (132/132; v12’s 82 bads were a low-window filter). Climb is not uniformly FIRE (FIRE=27, RESTORE=10, OPEN=60 on 132 prefixes; POST-CLIMB OPEN-sum=580). Not sequential Restore-W: FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2; consecutive pair in Δ lengthens the run). Not algebraic Restore-W: FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9). Stay0 / Greedy-available is proved for last ≥ L. Climb-shrink / Room-1 / Type-iii finite / Frozen-g-die / Mig-set / Extra-set / Near-Δ / Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W / W-chase finite / (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g are proved (iii-SHRINK chains ≤ δ − 1). Migrate i.o. after filling g is not proved empty (extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). Official (2, 3) remains OPEN. No witness.

Not a proof that every weakly complete sequence with λ → ∞ has a Lemma-C prefix, in full generality. Proved for L = 2 (Theorem L2∞). Proved when extraH = 0 infinitely often for any L (Theorem N / Nwin). Consecutive H is still closed (LN not claimed for incomplete H). Proved in overlap (F2/F3) and in B with extraH = 0 (F3B). B-ultrafast never-C cannot persist (F5). Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (extraH > 0 at every large prefix, never-C, WC, λ → ∞, max-symmetric non-consecutive H, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). No example. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Lemma Inc bounds the increment by L − 1 there.

Not a proof that every 2-robust sequence with two 1s has a healing 3-deletion, in full generality. Corollary LN2 is our argument that the two-1s class is empty as official (2, 3) sources under consecutive H, extraH = 0 i.o., L(B) ≤ 2, or overlap/F3/F3B — not a posted solution. Remainders with max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) would escape; every tested one fires or restores. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H.

Not a proof that there is no weak (1, 2) starting at ≥ 2, in full generality. L = 2 never-C is excluded from 1-robustness (L2∞). Consecutive H never-C is excluded (Theorem LN). extraH = 0 i.o. is excluded (Nwin). 1-robust + C + skip leftover → ∞ is not ∀-2 (Trap). Remaining: skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2, and remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (1-robust never-C with max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). No example. Climb is not uniformly FIRE. sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2). Exhaustive dense length-8 and the N0 = 12/14 hunt are empty. Lemma G kills fewer than three odds. One-1 official (2, 3) still reduces to that (1, 2) problem.

Never claimed unverified. Consecutive H is still closed. LN is not claimed for incomplete H. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). Computational here: Frozen-g-die; Mig-set 369/369; Extra-set 73/73 and 900/900; Near-Δ census 108/108; Remaining-W / Fill-W-item 792/792; Post-W 11/11; W-chase finite; Type A peel 9 / Type B leftover-2a 3; (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g 90/90 when (⋆) holds; FILL-G leftover 70 / restore 38 / fire 0; iv-MIGRATE 12 room grow 3 stay 9, Pal-pool live chain_max 2 was an artefact, extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution; fillg RESTORE 49 FIRE 33 OPEN 0; 47/47 room=1 leftovers dead (greedy 3 then FIRE); Minkowski leftover extras not a lemma; Climb-shrink shrink 87/87, Type-iii finite (iii-SHRINK 76), iv-MIGRATE 12 forever_np=0, Lemma Δ set equality 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter; Δ-empty restores Pal 8/8), Climb-window 132/132, Climb not uniformly FIRE (FIRE=27 / RESTORE=10 / OPEN=60 / no-climb-room=63), sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2), POST-CLIMB OPEN-sum=580 (v12 open_fates = 0 was one named family). Proved earlier: consecutive-H cycle (L2∞ / L3-never-C / Join-sums), Lemma FT, Lemma Res, Lemma Nwin, Lemma Seed, AP-clear, Lemma Plateau, Corollary LN2 (two-1s class empty as official (2, 3) sources under the stated hypotheses; our argument, not a posted solution), Theorem L2∞ / L2N, Lemma N2, Lemma L2-cycle (1)(2) and AP-fill in (4), Theorem 2′(L = 2) unconditional, Lemma Inc / BI, Lemma Trap, Theorem N / N1 / Corollary N2, Lemma F3, Lemma K / K2, Lemma CW, Lemma F3B, Lemma F5, Lemma L2 (prefix; next = 7 tails computational), v8 F/F1/F2 and A′, Lemmas C–E, G, Theorem 2 (conditional), Theorem 2′ (conditional for max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever: overlap, L = 1, extraH = 0-in-B, extraH = 0 i.o., consecutive H), the theorem of §4 and Lemmas A–B of §5 (unchanged), greedy-from-2 closed form, extra = C first-hole table. Cycle table, DFS, (1, 2) dichotomy, exhaustive length-8, L ≥ 3 walks, certificate tables, stay-in-B scan, the (1, 2) hunt from a2 ≥ 2, skip-bounded Fib+noise, and the odd-rich sparse (2, 3) hunt: computational, prefixes as in the log. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); algebraic Restore-W is FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9); Stay0 proved; extraH > 0-forever on max-symmetric non-consecutive H has no example). Δ set equality 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter); sequential Restore-W is FALSE (witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 FIRE extraN=2); Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Consecutive H is still closed. Zero-1 sequences; skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2. Official infinite weak (2, 3) remains open. Nothing here is claimed as a solution.

7. Theorem (weaker): three 1s and the even positives

Theorem Let

A = {1, 1, 1} ∪ {2, 4, 6, 8, …} = {1, 1, 1} ∪ 2ℕ,

written in nondecreasing order, the three 1s being the only odd terms. Then A is complete, 2-robust, and ∃-3-fragile: after deleting the three 1s, every subset sum is even, so the missing set is unbounded.

This is not official #348. The 3-fragility is existential, not universal. The argument occupies the rest of this section.

Completeness of A

Undeleted prefixes have interior miss 0. Brown holds: the next even is 2k + 2 ≤ 1 + 3 + k(k + 1).

∃-3-fragility

Proof Delete the three 1s. The remainder is {2, 4, 6, …}. Every subset sum is even. Every odd positive integer is missing. At prefix length N the interior miss is exactly σ/2 odds, growing, with persistence 1. Density 1/2. □

Prefix counts after this deletion:

Nσmissfirstpersist of previous
1290451—
20306153130/30 odds
361122561130/30
5022561128130/30

2-robustness

Proof After any 2-deletion at least one 1 remains, so gcd = 1. Three cases.

Two 1s deleted. The remainder is {1} ∪ {2, 4, 6, …}. The evens give all even positives; adding the remaining 1 gives all odds. The remainder is strongly complete. Prefix miss is 0 at N = 16, 24, 32, 40.

One 1 and one even 2k deleted.

If k = 1 (delete 1 and 2): the remainder is {1, 1, 4, 6, 8, …}. It makes 1 and 2; it misses only 3; it makes all integers ≥ 4. The interior miss is {3}, frozen. Prefix miss is 2 (the 3 and its σ-mirror) at every N = 16..40.

If k = 2 (delete 1 and 4): the remainder misses only 5. Frozen.

If k ≥ 3: the prefix {1, 1} ∪ {2, 4, …, 2k − 2} covers 1 through its sum 2 + k(k − 1). The next remaining even is 2k + 2 ≤ k2 − k + 3 for k ≥ 3. Brown continues. The remainder is strongly complete.

Two evens 2j < 2k deleted. Three 1s remain.

If (2, 4): the remainder is {1, 1, 1, 6, 8, …}. It makes 1, 2, 3; it misses 4, 5; it makes all integers ≥ 6. Frozen.

If (4, 6): it misses 6, 7. Frozen. (Brown fails at 8 > 1+1+1+2 = 5, but only two holes.)

If (2, 6), and all k ≥ j + 2, and consecutive pairs with j ≥ 3: the prefix of three 1s plus the remaining small evens covers a run long enough that the next even satisfies Brown. Strongly complete.

Thus every 2-deletion is weakly complete. The only interior holes that ever appear are among {3}, {5}, {4, 5}, {6, 7}.

Exhaustive 2-deletions of prefixes confirm the list is closed: the number of pairs with miss > 0 is exactly 8 at every N ∈ {16, 20, 24, 28} (three choices of which 1 pairs with 2, three with 4, plus (2, 4) and (4, 6)). No new 2-failure appears as the even tail lengthens. All other pairs among the first N terms, save those eight, have miss = 0.

The odd-count threshold

Three odds is exact.

Sequence2-deletions3-deletion of the 1s
Two 1s and all evensDelete both 1s: gcd = 2, miss grows (not 2-robust)—
Three 1s and all evensEvery 2-deletion weakly completeUnbounded odds
Four 1s and all evens2-robustOne 1 remains: miss = 0 (3-robust via gcd)

8. Why this is not official #348

Official #348 wants every 3-deletion to destroy weak completeness. The sequence A fails that. Only 3-deletions that remove all three odds produce unbounded misses. The others heal.

Delete (2, 4, 6): the interior miss is {4, 5, 6, 7}, frozen at miss = 8 (mirrors included) through N = 32. Delete three large consecutive evens: miss = 0. Delete two 1s and one late even: miss = 0.

This is not an accident of the even tail. It is forced by any arithmetic progression as a tail.

Lemma (AP-tail) Let G be a finite multiset of positive integers, M ≥ 1, and T = {M, 2M, 3M, …}. If A = G ∪ T is weakly complete, then for every finite F ⊂ T, the remainder A ∖ F is still weakly complete.

Proof Subset sums of {1, 2, 3, …} cover every positive integer. Deleting finitely many elements from that sequence leaves it weakly complete, so P(T ∖ F) contains every sufficiently large multiple of M. Weak completeness of A forces P(G) to hit every residue class modulo M. Hence P(G) + P(T ∖ F) contains every sufficiently large integer. □

Corollary No sequence of the form G ∪ Mℕ with G finite is 3-deletion-universal-fragile: every 3-deletion contained in the tail heals. The only 3-deletions that can fail are those that strip enough of G to lose a residue class modulo M, and there are only finitely many such triples.

Adding a second modulus enlarges the finite list of modular breaking triples and does not produce ∀-3. For

A = {1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2} ∪ 6ℕ,

residues modulo 6 give eleven modular breaking triples (the three 1s; the three 2s; nine of type (1, 2, 2)) and no others. Exhaustive 220 triples among the first 12 terms, interior miss tracked to N = 36: 11 grow with persistence 1, matching the residue table; 203 heal. Two-mod is 2-robust (any 2-deletion leaves a small remainder that still hits every residue modulo 6; the tail is 6ℕ minus at most two terms). It is a strictly larger ∃-3 object than A, and still not ∀-3.

The official (2, 3) case is therefore untouched. ∀-3 remains open.

9. The density trap

To break tail 3-deletions one needs a non-arithmetic (typically exponential) tail. Making that tail sparse enough for 3-deletions to propagate gaps typically makes some 2-deletions propagate as well. Extra density that stops 2-deletion gap growth also stops 3-deletion gap growth — unless the 3-failure is modular, or the sequence is strictly faster than tight 2-Brown by one unit. The modular exception is the gcd construction above, and it cannot be ∀-3 by the AP-tail lemma. The one-unit exception is computational and still has healing triples.

Qualitatively, along linear recurrences:

  • Ratio φ (Fibonacci): 1-robust, 2-fragile via gap propagation, even though tail Brown slack tends to infinity.
  • Ratio < φ (Narayana, Padovan, an = an−1 + an−4): 2-robust, and 3-deletions leave only finite holes — slack absorbs any fixed deletion and extra representations fill gaps.
  • Occasional φ-sized jumps: some 2-deletions start propagating gaps again.
  • Multiplicity on Fibonacci: 2-robust, and most 3-deletions heal; fragility returns after deleting both copies of a doubled value together with the successor, and not after a generic triple.

Tight 2-Brown from three 1s is Narayana’s cows, an = an−1 + an−3,

1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 19, 28, 41, … ,

ratio the supergolden root of x3 = x2 + 1 ≈ 1.465 < φ. Identity σn = an+3 − 1; slack when adding an+1 is exactly an + an−1. Every tested 2-deletion has miss = 0 (all 91 pairs among the first 14 indices on a length-24 prefix). Every tested 3-deletion has frozen finite miss, including mid-index triples with a long tail. Narayana is a strong 2-sequence that fails 3-fragility even in the weak, existential sense.

Shifting the 2-Brown recurrence by one unit of extra,

an+1 = max(an, 1 + σn − M1 − M2 + extra),

from three 1s: extra = 0 is Narayana; extra = −1 is denser and 3-robust on the tested triples; extra = +2 is not 2-robust; extra = +1 is the greedy sequence 1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 17, … with tail identity an = an−1 + an−4 after the skip of 2. After deleting the three 1s, interior miss grows with persistence 1 through σ ≈ 1.6·106 (not a modular obstruction: gcd remains 1). Scattered triples heal (miss = 0). This is a computational weaker-(2, 3) witness, not a closed-form proof that the missing set is infinite, and not official #348.

The same trap appears when one thins 6ℕ to beat the AP-tail lemma. Greedy 2-Brown rounded up to a multiple of 6, and the geometric tail {1,1,1,2,2,2} ∪ {6·2k}, both make some consecutive tail triples grow — and both make 2-deletions of the tail grow. Density that protects 2-deletions fills 3-deletions of the tail; sparsity that breaks tail 3-deletions breaks some 2-deletions.

10. What was tried and failed

No construction below is a solution of official #348. Several are intermediate objects: 2-robust, with some (even infinitely many) breaking 3-triples, and a majority of healing triples.

Construction2-deletions3-deletionsVerdict
Powers of 2 Not 1-robust Any 1-deletion fails (0, 1) only
Fibonacci 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, … Any 1-deletion complete; every 2-deletion grows (45/45 on the first ten terms) — (1, 2) only. Official witness that “any n” is ∀
Graham Fn ± (−1)n Any finite deletion heals Too robust Finite-∞ endpoint. Not (2, 3)
Narayana / tight 2-Brown from three 1s 2-robust, even strongly (miss = 0 on tested pairs) Every tested 3-deletion has frozen finite miss 2-Brown, so the theorem of §4 applies. Trap. Not even ∃-3-fragile
Padovan; an = an−1 + an−4; extra 1s on a φ-tail; 2-fold Fibonacci; hybrid Narayana jumps 2-robust, or else some 2-deletions grow Finite holes, or else 2-fragility returns Failed interpolants
{1,1,1} ∪ 2ℕ 2-robust (proved) Only the three 1s unbounded; tail triples heal ∃-3, proved. Not ∀-3. Theorem of §7
{1,1,1} ∪ 2·(Narayana) Exhaustive miss = 0 at N = 14, 16 Three 1s: unbounded odds Thinner ∃-3 cousin. B = Fibonacci fails the hypothesis (not 2-robust)
{1,1,1,2,2,2} ∪ 6ℕ 2-robust (residues modulo 6) Eleven modular triples grow; 203/220 heal. AP-tail Larger ∃-3. Not ∀-3
Doubled binary 1³, 2², 4², 8², … All pairs miss = 0 through N = 20 (computational) Infinitely many modular triples “one 2a + both 2k”; 328/364 heal on a length-14 prefix Stronger intermediate. Healing remains the majority. Tripled binary collapses the cascade
Two interleaved copies of {1,1,1} ∪ 2ℕ; W ∪ ({1,1,1} ∪ 3ℕ) All miss = 0 364/364 zero at N = 14, or only the three 1s grow Duplication raises robustness. Wrong direction
Sparse 6-multiple tail (2-Brown rounded to 6, or 6·2k) Tail pairs grow (not 2-robust) Some tail triples grow Density trap. Failed
extra = +1 greedy 1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, … Interior miss ∈ {0, 1}, frozen (computational, all pairs) Consecutive triples grow with persistence 1 through σ ≈ 1.6·106; scattered triples miss = 0 Computational ∃-3, non-modular. Not a proof. Not ∀-3
Forum multiplicity 1³, 2², 3², 5, 8², 13, 21², … 2-Brown identity proved: every 2-deletion strongly complete. Exhaustive miss = 0 at N = 32 (496/496) Doubled value plus successor ({8,8,13} and later windows) grow through σ > 7·106; holes {19, 20} proved after {8,8,13}. Most triples heal (812/816 at length 18) 2-Brown, so the theorem of §4 applies: two 1s + late is strongly complete. Thread intermediate object, bitset-checked. Unboundedness of the family F2m+9 − 15 is not a typeset induction. Not official
Oscillating slack; duplicate every k-th Fibonacci value; extra 1s then a φ-tail Period ≥ 4, k ≥ 3, and extra-ones+Fib: late 2-deletions grow. Period 3 and k = 2: 2-robust Where 2-robust, some doubled windows grow and most triples heal Period parameter is the trap. Extra 1s cannot sit at infinitely many places in a nondecreasing sequence
Plain Tribonacci / tetranacci / 1 + sum of last 3 Not 2-redundant (too fast; slack ~0.19 tn smaller than the two previous terms) — Wrong speed
Three 1s + doubled T112 values Finite 2-redundant through length 42 (2-fail = 0). Identity: each new T112 value sits one past the 3-largest bound and on or under the 2-largest bound 3-fail = L − 2 finitely. Weakly, miss stays O(1) after a 3-window (width-1 Brown gap; tail slack → ∞) Finite 2-not-3. Does not lift to weak 3-incompleteness
Finite greedy 2-Brown prefixes, four 1s or three 1s, lengths 12–22 2-fail = 0 Some 3-deletions fail Brown; last-three prefix always complete Finite analogue only. No finite ∀-3 witness (prefix argument)
Constant Brown slack c c = 2 is binary, not 2-robust; c ≥ 3 emits extra 1s then powers of 2 3-deletion of three 1s leaves a 1 and the binary tail, miss = 0 Either binary-fragile or 1-redundant-binary-robust. No interpolant
Piecewise Narayana, then Fibonacci (or an even tail) Two terms just after a φ-switch: interior miss grows Narayana head freezes three 1s; leftover odds block an even-tail gcd Cannot use a φ-tail without 2-fragility, nor an even tail without leftover odds in the head
extra = C greedy from three 1s C ≤ 1: 2-robust (Narayana strongly; extra = +1 frozen miss 1). C ≥ 2: two 1s GROW C ≤ 1: two 1s + late heals. C ≥ 2: two 1s already 2-fragile (idle) Threshold. No integer between 1 and 2. 2-robust side is not ∀-3; ∀-3 side is not 2-robust
Two 1s extra = +1: 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, … 45/45 pairs zero or frozen at N0 = 10. Two 1s FROZEN miss 1 Two 1s + late a27 = 27201 FROZEN miss 1. Well-separated 0 grow / 20 zero. Three late ZERO ∃-3, not ∀-3. The only 2-robust two-1s extra object
Two 1s extra = +2; near-binary 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 16, … and 1, 1, 3, 6, 12, … GROW (11/45; 42/45; 45/45) Mostly grow; extra = +2 three late still heal 2-fragile. Dense all-integers tail: 0 grow, some frozen. Wrong side of the trap
Growing extra Cn = ⌊n/4⌋ or n − 3; jump-then-fill Slow growing extra: two 1s ZERO, one prefix-artefact GROW. Fast growing extra and jump-fill: late 2-dels grow Where 2-robust, two 1s + late still ZERO. Jump-fill: two 1s + late GROW, three late ZERO No witness. Unbounded deficit on changing pairs still heals two-small+late, or else 2-fragility returns
Zero 1s: all integers ≥ 2; 2, 3 then extra / binary / Fib / jump-fill / Mersenne; 3, 5, 7 extra = 0 Dense AP from 2: 0/28/0 frozen. Sparse families: 26–28 GROW of 28 pairs Dense: 0/56/0 frozen (3-robust). Sparse: 56 GROW No zero-1 witness. Lemma G: need ≥ 3 odds. Sparse: 2-fragile. Dense AP from 2: 3-robust by AP-tail
One 1: all integers; 1 then all ≥ 3; 1, 2 extra / binary / jump-fill; Fib minus one 1; Mersenne doubles Dense: frozen, 2-robust. Unique-1 + even tail: GROW (gcd 2). Fib/binary: 28/28 GROW Dense: 3-robust. Sparse: mostly GROW. Doubled powers of 2 is actually three 1s, ∃-3 not ∀-3 No one-1 official witness. Would require a weak (1, 2) starting at a2 ≥ 2
Greedy-minimal from ≥ 2 (Knapp–Paul): 2, 3, 4, 8, 16, … WC undeleted, never-C, λ ≡ 2. All eight 1-dels of a length-8 prefix GROW-PERSIST — Bounded lim inf λ by Theorem N (extraH = 0), not 1-robust by Lemma A′. Not a F2/F3 counterexample; killed as a 2-robust remainder
L = 2 never-C (N2 / L2-cycle / L2∞); Trap late-2-dels; Inc; exhaustive length-8 dense from ≥ 2 Unbounded WC never-C L = 2 has lim inf λ ≤ 3, not 1-robust. DFS 511 nodes: greedy / interpolant / bounded repeat only. Trap: 14/17 predicted-freeze families freeze (3 near-φ consecutive-pair exceptions, not ∀-2) Length-8 dense: 90625 prefixes, 89589 1-robust, 0 with all 2-dels GROW. L ≥ 3 max-walks greedy-like (lim inf λ finite); min-walks bounded L = 2 closed as a source of 2-robust never-C remainders and of 1-robust never-C (1, 2) starts. Consecutive H at any L closed by LN. Not a solution of official #348
v11: FT / Res / Nwin / Seed / AP-clear / Plateau; Theorem LN (consecutive H) FT 0/66 listed, 0/240 generated. Nwin 214/214. Pal from {3, 4, 5, 6}: never-C {14, 15, 16}, fill restores extraH = 0. DFS extraH-never-0 at cap: 0 Skip-bounded Fib+noise from ≥ 2: 1-rob families fire C, mixed-2. Zero-1 sparse 2-fragile; dense 3-robust Consecutive H WC never-C ⇒ extraH = 0 i.o. ⇒ lim inf λ ≤ 2L − 1 (LN). Two-1s empty as official (2, 3) sources under LN2 (our argument, not a posted solution). Remaining: zero-1s; skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2. Official #348 open
v12: Lemma Δ; Climb-window; Climb is not an escape; fillg-walks RESTORE0; N on noncons Pal prefixes Δ-empty restores Pal in one step. Climb-window 15/15. POST-CLIMB open_fates = 0 (FIRE-FORCED). fillg RESTORE0 except one min-plateau FIRE (3, 5, 7, 7, 9, 11). Deeper DFS non-plateau extraH-never-0 = 0. N 425/458 in-window (33 short) Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. Skip-bounded (1, 2) []. Two 1-robust fib-noise hits fire C, mixed-2 Climb is not an escape. Consecutive H still closed. LN not claimed for incomplete H. Remaining gap: max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). Official #348 open. Not a solution
v13: Lemma Δ set equality; Climb-window; Climb-fire (sufficient); Finite-burst; fillW after Pal λ = L Δ extras = a+Δ 132/132 (v12’s 82 bads were a filter). Climb-window 132/132. fillW after Pal λ = L restores 132/132 on that generated pool (missed the FIRE family; sequential Restore-W later FALSE in v14). Climb-before-fill FIRE=27 / RESTORE=10 / OPEN=60 / no-climb-room=63. POST-CLIMB OPEN-sum=580. DFS extra0-hit 100% on main trees Adversarial climb-prefer Pal-cycle or FIRE. No extraH > 0-forever sample. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0 Climb is not uniformly FIRE. Consecutive H still closed. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v14: Stay0 proved; sequential Restore-W FALSE (FIRE witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 extraN=2); algebraic Restore-W FALSE (2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9); consecutive pair in Δ lengthens the run Stay0 greedy in never-C opts 513/513 (proved for last ≥ L). Sequential Pal+fillW FIRE witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67 extraN=2, longest=127; 3, 8, 9-family 1221 pals RESTORE=743 FIRE=478 OPEN=0. Algebraic add of W restores on that family (1221/1221) and leftover 2a on 2, 5, 8+9 (then +12,+18 restores; 8/8). v13 132/132 and 254/254 missed the FIRE family. Climb-fire if min Δ ≤ (L − 1)/3 refuted by 3, 6, 8. Pal-cycle extraH = 0 i.o. or FIRE No extraH > 0-forever sample. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. No witness Stay0 proved. Sequential Restore-W FALSE. Algebraic Restore-W FALSE. Consecutive H still closed. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (refuse-fill / climb extraH > 0-forever; never-hit-Pal). Official #348 open. Not a solution
v16: Climb-shrink; Room-1; Type-iii finite; type-iv leftover after filling g Pal pool 108. Climb-fill identity. Climb-shrink shrink 87/87. Types: PLATEAU-1 108 / i-RESTORE 54 / iii-SHRINK 76 / FILL-G 108 / ii-FIRE 11 / iv-MIGRATE 12. Type-iii finite (chain ≤ δ − 1 then Room-1 forced fill / FIRE / plateau). Refuse-fill OPEN=0, forever_np=0. leftover-2a forever=0. never-Pal true-never=0. Strict walks RESTORE0 225 / FIRE-FORCED 207 / OPEN-EXTRA 0 No extraH > 0-forever sample. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. No witness. iv-MIGRATE 12 one-steps, DFS mig 64 (v16) / 70 (v16b), forever_np=0 — not a witness. Room can grow (5→10, 6→12) Climb-shrink / Room-1 / Type-iii finite. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v17: Frozen-g-die; Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W; W-chase finite; Near-Δ; Mig-set; Extra-set; (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g Pal pool 108. Frozen-g-die (theorem). Near-Δ identity census 108/108. Remaining-W / Fill-W-item 792/792. Post-W 11/11. W-chase finite. Mig-set Pal+b 369/369. Extra-set migrate-seeds 73/73, broader 900/900. (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g: (⋆) holds 90/108 leftover-has-2a 0; (⋆) fails 18 leftover-has-2a 12. FILL-G leftover 70 / restore 38 / fire 0 (NEAR-PLUS 58, LEFTOVER-2a 8, HAS-2a-PLUS 4). iv-MIGRATE 12, room grow 3 stay 9 drop 0, Type A peel 9 / Type B leftover-2a 3, all DFS-die. 47 room=1 fill leftovers: restore 52 / fire 5 / still-extra 47; STRICT 47/47 dead; fill-g chain RESTORE 22 FIRE 25 OPEN 0 (greedy 3 then FIRE). G-survive 82 leftovers: seen 1260, fire 762, restore 591, plat 135, later-mig 198, forever_np=0, live chain_max 2, chain≥3=0 on Pal pool 108 (v17 artefact, not a bound; v18 Two-n live ≥3, witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]). fillg RESTORE 49 / FIRE 33 / OPEN 0. Minkowski leftover extras census 70/70 and 47/47, not a lemma. Deeper iv-MIGRATE n≤16: seen 309 fnp=0 max_mig 2. Deeper FILL-G leftover: seen 951 fnp=0 No extraH > 0-forever sample. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. No witness. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump but is not a death. No infinite walk. Official OPEN. LN not claimed — not a theorem. Frozen-g empty Frozen-g-die / Mig-set / Extra-set / Near-Δ / Remaining-W / Fill-W-item / Post-W / W-chase finite / (⋆)-fills-2a-by-g. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v18: Extra-set not a death; Near-fill / Type-A-peel; Solid-below-δ; Two-n live migrate-chain ≥3 FOUND live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE) and ≥4 on Two-n Type A peel (n=16 live 4 then FIRE on [2,n,n+2] Pal then +1; grows with n: 5 at 20, 9 at 40). Pal-pool live chain_max 2 was a pool artefact. Expanded iv-strict chain_max 3 ge4 0 (census, not a bound; Pal-pool DFS ge4=0 does not cover Two-n). Extra-set tight 329/329, two-step 171/171; c+E-new 410; fill-g c+E-survive 36/82. No-interior-if-solid-below-δ (Solid-below-δ) 21/21 and 61/61. Near-fill / Type-A-peel-identity 9/9. Gapped-Δ interior 2 events, further-mig 0. forever_np=0. Frozen-g-die / Extra-set / Remaining-W kept as theorems No extraH > 0-forever sample. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. No witness. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]); longer finite chains on [2, n, n+2] Pal then +1 (n=60: 13 then FIRE). Extra-set locates leftovers after the second jump but is not a death. No infinite walk. Official OPEN. LN not claimed Frozen-g-die / Extra-set / Near-fill / Solid-below-δ / Remaining-W / W-chase finite. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution). LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v19: Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*; Peel-finite; plus1 family dead as a theorem Gap-r identity 1656/1656. Pal-then-+1 vs t* 117/117 (n=6..120, 150, 200). n=6 RESTORE; n≥7 FIRE at t*. Room-3 peel n=60 ok=60. n=16 n_live=5 FIRE; n=40 n_live=10; n=60 n_live=13. Extra-set 329/329; c+E-as-g 0. high-only leftover-2a 11/11 greedy RESTORE0. Neighbour plus1 OPEN=0. forever_np sum=1 is a DFS cap (n=20 ALL), greedy FIREs No extraH>0-forever sample. Finite chains growing in n FIRE — not a witness. Zero-1 (2, 3) candidates 0. No witness Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t* / Peel-finite. Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact. Remaining (v22): extraN>1 leftover after remW empty; Post-W c+H; never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v20: leftover-2a fill-g restore; CE-blocked-by-near; TOTAL live g∈c+E=0 Union 543 Pal+b 2312. leftover-2a unique 13, fill-g RESTORE 13/13, extras==pair 13/13 extraN>2=0. h* / 2aH theorems 13/13. extraN=2 partner-peel then fill 4/4. Pal high-jump live not leftover-2a: 0. DFS fnp=0 hj_events_max=1 greedy OPEN=0. CE-blocked-by-near Pal-108 leftover nexts 905/905. TOTAL live g∈c+E=0. FILL-G Two-n NEAR 31/31. oldE-high fill-g LIVE 17 (never-Pal), DFS fnp=0 cm=3 No extraH>0-forever sample. No regenerating high-jump i.o. extras-are-pair not a theorem for every H. Zero-1 candidates 0. No witness CE-blocked-by-near / leftover-2a location / Fill-2a-restores given pair+SH. Remaining (v22): extraN>1 leftover after remW empty; Post-W c+H; never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v21: Unique-extra-is-mid; Unique-mid-FILL-G-restores; Pal-108 remW-emptying LIVE 5 die; Post-W 8+3 die; OTHER 12 Unique-extra-is-mid 44/44. Unique-mid-FILL-G-restores 14/14 (x≥2L−1). Pal-108 emptying 242 = RESTORE 237 + LIVE 5 Unique-mid, ALL-OPTS fnp=0 cm=0. Post-W 11 = 8 Unique-mid + 3 pair; pair FILL-G 3/3; pair-migrate fnp=0. Unique-mid FILL-BELOW 106/106 restore (census). family+others emptying LIVE 32 / OTHER 12 (not Unique-mid). Extra-set 131/131 No extraH>0-forever sample. OTHER 12 not chased to fnp in v21. Zero-1 candidates 0. No witness Unique-extra-is-mid / Unique-mid-FILL-G-restores. Remaining (v22): extraN>1 leftover after remW empty (the OTHER 12); Post-W c+H; never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
v22: Palindrome-midpoint; Midpoint-singleton-restores; Fill-2a-singleton-restores; leftover-2a singleton dies; remW-emptying LIVE 33 Pal-legal union 378. remW-emptying LIVE unique 33, fill-g RESTORE 33/33, DFS fnp=0 chain_max=1. Pal+b leftover-2a 12/12. Post-W 12/12 and 4/4 c+H migrates. LIVE5 5/5. extraN=1 midpoint 21/21 theorem; extraN>1 12/12 census (extraN=3 twice). fresh c+E live new g 0. extra_starts_small 81 fill-g LIVE 74 (never-hit-Pal). greedy OPEN 0 No extraH>0-forever sample. extraN>1 leftover / Post-W c+H census-empty here, not a theorem for every incomplete H. Zero-1 candidates 0. No witness Palindrome-midpoint / Midpoint-singleton-restores / Fill-2a-singleton-restores. leftover-2a singleton closed. Remaining (v22): extraN>1 leftover after remW empty; Post-W c+H; never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. LN not claimed. Official #348 open. Not a solution
Stay-in-B hunt (floor-qS, pick-hole-B, densify-greedy, mixed extra, after {2, 3, 4, 7} or {2, 3, 4, 8}) WC families fire (extraH = 0 or longest run). Greedy-from-2 never-C with λ ≡ 2, all-A Fib-from-2 / extra = +2 B / extra = +1 from 2, 3, 5: extraH grows, never-C, not WC No WC + λ → ∞ + never-C, including in B. L = 2 closed by L2∞. Consecutive H closed by LN. Remaining (v22): extraN > 1 leftover after remW empty (census restore, not a theorem); Post-W c+H (census restore, not a theorem); never-hit-Pal; skip-bounded (1, 2); zero-1s. Two-n Pal-then-+1 is dead as a theorem (Two-n-plus1-dies / Gap-r / t*). Pal-pool chain_max 2 was an artefact, not a bound. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE. leftover-2a singleton / unique-mid fill-g restores. Official OPEN. LN not claimed. Not a solution); LN not claimed for incomplete H (max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}; no example). Climb not uniformly FIRE. LN not claimed
Weak (1, 2) hunt from a2 ≥ 2 (N0 = 12, mixed rows 14) Dense: 1-robust and 2-robust. Sparse / greedy / Fib-from-2 / extra = +1 from 2, 3: 1-fragile. 1, 2 extra = +1,+2 and mixed extra / floor-S/q / pick-hole-B: mixed 2, not ∀-2 — No weak (1, 2) from a2 ≥ 2 at N0 = 12 or 14. L = 2 never-C is 1-fragile by L2∞; consecutive H by LN; 1-rob+C is not ∀-2 by Trap. Remaining: skip-bounded (1, 2) at ≥ 2; LN for incomplete H (max-symmetric non-consecutive extraH > 0 forever, e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}). No example. Climb not uniformly FIRE. LN not claimed
Odd-rich sparse (2, 3), fewer than two 1s (starts 1, 3 / 2, 3, 5 / 3, 5, 7 and cousins; N0 = 12/14) Sparse: 2-fragile. Dense odds/AP/lucky/primes+composites: frozen Sparse: 3-dels grow. Dense: 3-robust. Primes 3-robust at N0 ≥ 10 (the length-8 GROW triples were prefix artefacts) No odd-rich sparse official (2, 3) witness

11. What remains

Official Erdős #348, case (m, n) = (2, 3), is OPEN for weak completeness. Strong (2, 3) is already impossible. Nothing in these notes is a posted solution. LN is not claimed.

The remaining gap is not “max chain 2.” Pal-pool live chain_max=2 was a pool artefact. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists (Two-n peel, witness [2, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]) and then FIRE. The remaining gap is not “[2, n, n+2] Pal then +1.” Theorem Two-n-plus1-dies: that walk dies (n=6 restore, n≥7 FIRE). Finite chains ~√n are not a witness. leftover-2a extraN=1 and unique-mid fill-g restore.

What is still open, stated without meekness and without a fake close:

  1. Migrate infinitely often without firing C, after remW is empty. Frozen-g-die forces any extraH>0-forever WC never-C with λ → ∞ to jump g infinitely often. W-chase finite closes remW-migrate (at most |Δ| jumps, then g ≥ 2a). After Post-W, high extras and Extra-set c+E remain. CE-blocked-by-near: while remW survives, a fresh c+E cannot be least extra. After remW is empty, c+E doubling is available. remW-emptying LIVE 33 in v22 (2 leftover-2a + 31 c+E) is a census, not a death lemma. Extra-set is containment, not a Lyapunov.
  2. Never-hit-Pal / extraH-start fill-g LIVE. Walks that never take Pal λ=L, or that start already extraH>0. Stay0 says greedy Pal is legal on extraH=0 prefixes with last ≥ L, not that it is taken. Incomplete max-symmetric non-consecutive H (e.g. {1, 2, 4, 6}) has no extraH>0-forever WC never-C example in the log.
  3. ExtraN>1 leftover-2a after remW emptying. ExtraN=1 leftover {2a} restores (Fill-2a-singleton-restores: 12/12, LIVE5 5/5). ExtraN>1 is not that lemma.
  4. Skip-bounded weak (1, 2) from a2 ≥ 2. Dense hunts at N0=12/14 are empty. L2∞ and Trap close other (1, 2) routes. Skip-bounded remainder is a hunt.
  5. Zero-1 official (2, 3). Lemma G: weakly 2-robust ⇒ at least three odds. Hunts empty. Not a posted close of zero-1s.

Obstacles that did not move:

  1. Gcd constructions kill only the triples that strip every odd (or every residue coprime to d). All other triples heal. The AP-tail lemma rules out every finite generator plus an arithmetic tail.
  2. 2-Brown sequences. Theorem 1. Extra = C threshold: C ≤ 1 is 2-robust and two 1s + late heals; C ≥ 2 two 1s GROW, not 2-robust. No integer lies between. Extra = +1 still has healing triples computationally. The gap between “infinitely many breaking triples” and “all triples break” remains the whole difficulty outside 2-Brown.
  3. Finite prefixes can never certify “every 3-deletion”: deleting the last three terms of a prefix is not a statement about the infinite sequence, and any Brown-complete prefix of length ≥ 3 is complete.
  4. The density trap. Density that protects every 2-deletion fills 3-deletions of the tail; sparsity that breaks every tail 3-deletion breaks some 2-deletion.

A genuine official (2, 3) would need a representation system in which every 3-set seeds unbounded gap propagation while no 2-set does. No such system was found. Every 2-robust family tested fires or restores extraH=0 i.o. or fails WC. That is a hunt plus the theorems above, not a close of Bloom’s problem.

12. What is not claimed

  • Not a posted solution of Bloom/Erdős #348. Official (2, 3) remains OPEN.
  • Not Theorem LN for every finite H. Consecutive H is closed. Incomplete / max-symmetric non-consecutive H is not.
  • Not a proof that every weakly complete sequence with λ → ∞ has a Lemma-C prefix, in full generality.
  • Not a proof that every 2-robust sequence with two 1s has a healing 3-deletion, in full generality. Corollary LN2 is our argument under stated hypotheses, not a posted solution.
  • Not a proof that there is no weak (1, 2) starting at ≥ 2, in full generality. Skip-bounded remainder is open as a hunt.
  • Not sequential Restore-W. FALSE. Witness 3, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15+65, 66, 67, FIRE extraN=2.
  • Not algebraic Restore-W. FALSE. 2a leftover, 2, 5, 8+9.
  • Not Climb-kill. Climb is not uniformly FIRE.
  • Not Climb-shrink as a global Lyapunov. Room can grow on migrate (5→10, 6→12).
  • Not Extra-set as a death. Containment, not a Lyapunov.
  • Not Minkowski of leftover extras as a finish lemma.
  • Not “max chain 2” as a bound. Pal-pool artefact. Live migrate-chain ≥3 exists then FIRE.
  • Not “[2, n, n+2] Pal-then-+1 lives forever.” It dies (theorem). Finite chains are not a witness.
  • Not that remW-emptying LIVE 33 die. Census, not a theorem.
  • Not a witness extraH>0-forever WC never-C with λ → ∞. None in the log.

Proved statements that do stand are listed in §11. None of them is a witness for Bloom’s problem. Official infinite weak (2, 3) remains open. Nothing here is claimed as a solution.

T. F. Bloom, Erdős Problem #348, https://www.erdosproblems.com/348. LaTeX source: https://www.erdosproblems.com/latex/348. Formalisation: FormalConjectures/ErdosProblems/348.lean. Brown–Weiss, On N-sequences, Math. Mag. 44 (1971). Graham, Fibonacci Quart. 2 (1964). van Doorn on strong (m, n).

A clubhouse beyond the fairway in late light.

Three fields for VII

The Fields

The seventh playing is not yet seated

Nice golf, not luxury. Figures are estimates, except where a published card is named. The Cup will be played on one of these three fields.

Field I · Jupiter Field II · Scottsdale Field III · Orlando

Field I

Jupiter

Palm Beach Gardens

Value golf, $100–150 a round. Warm weather that still holds the band.

Weather
75° / 58°
Field
PBI
Golf
$450–650 est.
All in
$1,070–2,260 est.
Friday Sandhill Crane Golf Club $139

Prime, cart included. Published January–April 2026 card. No 2027 card posted.

Saturday Abacoa Golf Club, morning $150–180 est.
Sandhill Crane, midday $129

A hop of fifteen to twenty minutes. Same-lot thirty-six is not on this paper. Do not pair this day with Boca. Abacoa morning is an estimate; carts are mandatory. The second round is midday, about 12:00 to 12:40. Winter twilight at two o’clock will not finish eighteen.

Sunday North Palm Beach Country Club $100–130 est.

Nicklaus Signature muny. Estimate. Osprey Point is Boca, forty-five to sixty minutes south. It is not Sunday, and it is not Saturday.

A five-bedroom in Jupiter is tight for ten. Prefer six to eight bedrooms in Jupiter Farms or west Palm Beach Gardens, about $200–500 a man. Not the beach. East Coast nonstops to Palm Beach. Los Angeles is JetBlue only; that fare is an estimate. California otherwise connects. Book Abacoa the hour the fifteen-to-thirty-day window opens.

Field II

Scottsdale

Cave Creek or Fountain Hills

Mid golf, $200–300 a round. The driest paper, and the one frost may delay.

Weather
68° / 46°
Field
PHX
Golf
$630–1,080 est.
All in
$1,290–2,690 est.
Friday TPC Scottsdale, Champions $139–249 est.

Not Stadium. Peak 2026, verified. January 2027 is an estimate. Play there. Do not sleep there.

Saturday Talking Stick, O’odham $190–250 est.
Talking Stick, Piipaash $190–250 est.

Same parking lot. This is the Saturday plan. Bags staged, grill between rounds. Book the first wave as early as the sheet allows. Do not hop. Frost delay is material in Cave Creek and Fountain Hills. Card rates open three days out. Call the shop for a ten-man hold.

Sunday Camelback, Ambiente or Padre $150–189 est.

Peak 2026, verified. January 2027 is an estimate. Eagle Mountain or SunRidge Canyon if the house sits in Fountain Hills.

Do not house inside Scottsdale city limits. The short-term rental cap is six adults. The city page was current 1 July 2026. Cave Creek, Carefree, Fountain Hills, or Rio Verde. Confirm the municipality, not the listing title. About $300–500 a man. Los Angeles to Phoenix is the cheap hop, an estimate of $150–320, often Southwest with bags free. We-Ko-Pa is the ninety-day safety valve for Saturday thirty-six, about $239–309 est., slightly over the band at the top.

Field III

Orlando

Reunion Resort

Mid golf, $200–300 a round. Saturday thirty-six without leaving the property.

Weather
72° / 50°
Field
MCO
Golf
$670–1,050 est.
All in
$1,270–2,590 est.
Friday Reunion, Palmer $170–230 est.

Estimate. Guest or preferred-rental access only. No official dollar card.

Saturday Reunion, Watson $170–230 est.
Reunion, Nicklaus $150–220 est.

Same resort. Fifty-four holes on the property. This is the Saturday plan. Cart from the villa to the first tee. Do not spend Saturday on I-4. Build a 7:30 to 8:00 first tee against frost and fog.

Sunday ChampionsGate National $180–260 est.

Estimate. Hold only if the morning prints at or under $300. A ten-minute hop. If it prints over, replay Reunion.

The house must be a Reunion preferred rental, or the golf is closed to the party. About $240–500 a man if the villa is not on a holiday rack. Martin Luther King weekend is a Disney peak. Some owners want five nights. Orlando has the best East Coast air of the three, and good California nonstops. All-in, a wash against Scottsdale.

Read, and left on the sideboard

Set Aside

Quietly declined

Los Cabos

About 80° and dry, with California nonstops. Peak public golf is about $280–395 a round (Puerto Los Cabos $395 morning, $320 afternoon; Cabo del Sol about $280–325). That sits above both bands. Unstaffed, about $2,300–3,400 a man all-in. Staffed, about $3,000–4,000. Some eight hundred to fifteen hundred above Florida value. The Committee declines it as a field for the Cup.

Withdrawn

Palm Springs

The American Express occupies PGA West from 18 to 24 January 2027.

Declined on weather

The Pacific Northwest

Seattle and Portland sit near 47° in January, with rain on about twenty-three days. Bandon Dunes is the only interesting exception. January green fees are $130 for a resort guest and $180 for a day guest, but it is 52°, wet, windy, and walking-only. Saturday thirty-six in that weather is a death march. Save Bandon for May.

The preference of the field

The Ballot

One mark to a name. A later hand may change the book.

Gentlemen of the Cup mark one field. One mark to a name. A later hand may change the book.

The fields

Field I · Jupiter 0
Field II · Scottsdale 0
Field III · Orlando 0

The book is still clean. The first mark opens it.

A white flag on a broad green, late in the day.

Estimates of 12 August 2026

The Ledger

Four rounds of the Cup. Four nights. Estimates only

Per man, four nights, four rounds. Google Flights for Thursday 14 January to Monday 18 January 2027 loaded without fares on 12 August 2026. Air figures below are estimates from 2026 winter and peak route structure. Ground figures are estimates, except Sandhill Crane $139 / $129, which is a published 2026 winter card. Nothing is booked. All-in ranges include the fare, clubs as a second bag where it applies, and house, golf, food, and cars.

On the ground Field I Field II Field III
House $200–500 est. $250–500 est. $220–500 est.
Golf, four rounds $450–650 est. $630–1,080 est. $670–1,050 est.
Cars $110–200 est. $110–220 est. $100–200 est.
Food and drink $90–160 est. $110–170 est. $100–160 est.
All-in $1,070–2,260 est. $1,290–2,690 est. $1,270–2,590 est.
Origin, air only Field I, PBI Field II, PHX Field III, MCO
Los Angeles (LAX) $350–550 est. $150–320 est. $250–480 est.
San Francisco (SFO) $400–650 est. $180–380 est. $320–550 est.
New York (JFK / LGA / EWR) $220–450 est. $280–520 est. $180–380 est.
Boston (BOS) $250–480 est. $300–550 est. $200–400 est.
Charlotte (CLT) $180–380 est. $280–500 est. $150–320 est.
Raleigh–Durham (RDU) $220–420 est. $280–500 est. $150–320 est.

Clubs as a second bag on American: $110–120 the round trip, published 12 August 2026. If clubs are the only checked bag, $90–100. Southwest: two bags free. The old planning figure of about $200 is high unless it counts clothes and clubs together. Status and Southwest are already inside the all-in lows.

No January 2027 fare was observed. Los Angeles to Palm Beach is JetBlue only. Los Angeles to Phoenix is the cheap California hop, often Southwest. Orlando is the easiest East Coast field. If the two California chairs can use Los Angeles rather than San Francisco, they save on every paper.

Field I, Jupiter value, all-in about $1,070–2,260 a man. Mid about $1,615. The low needs an East Coast fare and an inland house. The high is Los Angeles peak plus an oceanfront listing.

Field II, Scottsdale mid, all-in about $1,290–2,690 a man. Mid about $1,980. Field III, Orlando mid, all-in about $1,270–2,590 a man. Mid about $1,905. A wash against Scottsdale on the total.

For the field

Notes for the Cup

Nothing held

No gentleman should take a tee time, a house, or a fare on this page as reserved. The Committee awaits a preference of field for VII.

The party

Eight to twelve, planned around ten. The seventh field. Two chairs from California. Others from New York, Boston, North Carolina, and elsewhere.

Passports

Required only if the Cup returns to the question of Los Cabos, which the Committee has declined on price.

Reply

Write Bennett with a preference of field, or with silence if the dates do not serve.

The Rosedale Cup Committee will not move a booking until the field has spoken.

Gentlemen of the Cup at table, from the oral history.

The roll of the Cup

The Members

From the oral history of the first six playings

Names stand as they appear in Andrew Ward’s book. The archive is incomplete. Further papers of the Cup are expected.

Commissioner

Campbell

Appearances: 6. Cup wins: 5. Also known as Will and Wambell. Of San Diego. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Commissioner with Bennett Brownlow of San Francisco; they are the only West Coast men in the Cup. Inaugural champion of Team DeathStar, Year 1 at Tampa, with Brownlow, Pavlick, and O’Regan. Unbeaten through Year 5, standing 4-0 after Tampa II. He captained in Year 6 at San Diego, after Fort Myers was killed by a hurricane, and lost the Cup.

Commissioner

Bennett Brownlow

Appearances: Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 6. Cup wins: Year 1, Year 2, Year 6. Of San Francisco. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Commissioner with Campbell of San Diego; they are the only West Coast men in the Cup. Inaugural champion of Team DeathStar. At TPC Tampa he was miles better than the field, and paired with Pavlick. In Year 3 Captain Borg sent him against Keshian in Sunday singles and expected him to lose; he won 5&4 in the nine-hole match. In Year 6, at San Diego, he assumed the captaincy, appeared to draft the stronger side, and Team Brownlow took the Cup.

Vice president

Ryan / Lems

Debut: Year 2. Also: Year 6. Also known as Ryan, Lems, and Lemoie. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Welcomed when the field expanded to twelve. In Year 6 he two-putted from eighty feet on the 18th to give Team Brownlow the victory, the tightest margin the Cup has known.

Historian and Notary

Andrew Ward

Appearances: 6. Record: 3-3. A graduate of Wake Forest University. First captain, with Borg, in Year 3 at Scottsdale; Team Ward took that Cup. In Year 2, Richardson dropped a 50-footer on the 18th. In Year 4 he and Borg formed the Axis Powers. In Year 6 he halved Campbell in singles, then lost to KJ.

The Players

Pavlick

Appearances: Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 6. Cup wins: Year 1, Year 2. Also known as Pav. Of Pittsburgh. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Inaugural champion of Team DeathStar. In Year 2, after a Friday muni, he was found chipping wiffle balls in the valley behind the house. Captain of Team Pav at Tampa II. In Year 6 he went 0-4, and the Commissioner placed him on a PIP.

The Players

Seany Robs

Original member. Appearances include Year 5. Assumed the captaincy in Year 5 at Orlando II, looking for his first win of any kind in his Rosedale career. After another heartbreak, he took an indefinite hiatus from the Cup.

The Players

H. Brown

Appearances: Year 2, Year 3, Year 4. Cup wins: Year 3, Year 4. In Year 2 at Falcon’s Fire he almost quit golf. After rocky years with Pup N Suds, he entered the win column in Year 3. Team H rolled Team Pav at Tampa II.

The Players

Borg

Appearances: Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5. Cup wins: Year 1, Year 2. Also known as Ben, O’Regan, and Oregon. Inaugural champion of Team DeathStar, Year 1 at Tampa, with Campbell, Brownlow, and Pavlick. In Year 2 he was YouTubing swing tips during the round. First captain, with Ward, in Year 3; Team Ward beat him. In Year 4 he and Ward formed the Axis Powers.

The Players

Keshian

Debut: Year 2. Also: Year 3. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Welcomed when the field expanded to twelve. In Year 3 he had a stellar Cup, clutch on Saturday, until Bennett beat him 5&4.

The Players

Hickman

Debut: Year 2. Also: Year 4. A graduate of Wake Forest University. Returned in Year 4 after a one-year absence, as the field reached a tournament high of thirteen. The book records his continued dominance, including over Adam outside Richmond, Virginia.

The Players

A-Rich

Debut: Year 2. Also: Year 4, Year 5. Of Richmond, Virginia. A graduate of Wake Forest University. On the 18th in Year 2 he dropped a 50-footer to beat Ward. In Year 5, in a matchup of two soon to be fathers, Timmy Weitzel’s putting proved too much for him.

The Players

Cayman

Debut: Year 2. Filled in for Austin on two days’ notice. Remains the only non-Deacon participant in the Cup’s history.

The Players

Austin

Debut: Year 3. Also: Year 5, Year 6. Cup wins: Year 5. Made his debut at Scottsdale. He told the field he had played golf like twice, then broke 90. Captain of Team Austin in Year 5, which held off a Sunday charge in the rain. Ship Sticks lost his clubs for good on the way to Year 6 at San Diego.

The Players

Timmy Weitzel

Appearances: Year 3, Year 5. Cup wins: Year 5. A graduate of Wake Forest University. In Year 5, at Orange County National, his putting decided a match against A-Rich. He entered the win column after years of disappointment.

The Players

KJ

Debut: Year 6. Made his Rosedale Cup debut at San Diego, and played his best golf in years. A scramble pairing with Pavlick did not survive it. After Ward halved Campbell in singles, KJ beat Ward.

The book is incomplete. More files will come.

The Rosedale Cup, from the oral history.

An oral history

The History

The first six playings, as set down by Andrew Ward

Drawn from the deck titled Rosedale Cup: An Oral History. Calendar years are not in that book, and are not supplied here. The archive is incomplete.

Year 1

Tampa

Commissioner Campbell’s vision was nearly halted at once. The Airbnb cancelled three days prior. The scramble led to a house that had a pool table, and little else.

The field played TPC Tampa. It was a bloodbath. Pav was hitting bombs. Bennett was miles better than the field. They paired like Rahm and Hatton. Team DeathStar shellacked Pup N Suds. Campbell, Brownlow, Pavlick, and O’Regan became the inaugural champs.

Sports Moment in Time. The fellas gathered in downtown Tampa to watch the last fight Conor McGregor ever won.

The field before a clubhouse, from the second playing.
Year 2 · Orlando

Year 2

Orlando

The field expanded to twelve, welcoming Kesh, Hickman, Lems, and A-Rich. Cayman filled in for Austin on two days’ notice, and remains the only non-Deacon participant in the Cup’s history.

A massive pool was the star of the house. Tired legs on the course were owed to pool basketball. Pavlick’s game took a nosedive in the Friday muni. He was later spotted chipping wiffle balls in the valley fifty yards behind the house. Borg was YouTubing swing tips during the round.

They played Falcon’s Fire, the fastest greens on the six-year circuit. Hunty almost quit golf after the round. A-Rich waited until the first tee of the blackout scramble to disclose that he had quit drinking during Covid.

Lems and Ward mounted a back-nine charge against Keshian and Richardson, coming from five down to tie it going into the 18th. Richardson then dropped a 50-footer, handing Ward his toughest loss since Freshman Spring Rush. Deathstar handled Pup N Suds once again. The set-team format was abolished, and captains were established.

The Airbnb owner extorted the field after the Cup for a brand-new refrigerator.

Sports Moment in Time. Campbell came off the course to find the Titans, Derrick Henry in an MVP-caliber season, stifled at home in a wild-card loss to the Ravens.

Year 3

Scottsdale

Commissioners Campbell and Brownlow called on Borg and Ward, Stalin and Kim Jong, to serve as the first captains. The first draft took place Friday night. Ward provided team shirts. Borg equipped his ragtag bunch with golf balls featuring Ward’s fattest face ever.

The blackout scramble was on a dog track. The field never set foot outside the Airbnb, though they had crossed the country to a party destination. Pav tried to kick the tires on going to bars with Ward and H. No dice.

Austin made his debut, told everyone he had played golf like twice, and then broke 90.

Keshian had a stellar Cup, clutch all day Saturday, and shining in the kitchen, until Captain Borg sent Bennett Brownlow out against him in Sunday singles and expected Bennett to lose. Bennett won 5&4 in the nine-hole match.

A Sunday starter, furious about carts changed at the turn, almost crippled hair-twirling Tim. Dancing On My Own, played some fifty times more, put him right.

Team Ward cruised over Borg, putting Ward and H. Brown in the win column after rocky years with Pup N Suds.

Sports Moment in Time. The Mac Jones Patriots lost by 30 to Buffalo on wild-card weekend. Ben fat-fingered a significant wager on the Pats.

A gentleman of the Cup on a Florida tee, from Tampa II.
Year 4 · Tampa II

Year 4

Tampa II

The field returned to its roots, a duplex in the hood of Tampa Bay. A nearby shuffleboard bar proved the fountain of youth. Captain Pav, with no items for his team, bought out the Pro Shop of its block-letter hats.

Participation reached a tournament high of thirteen. Hickman returned after a one-year absence, and continued to own Adam everywhere outside of Richmond, Virginia.

Stalin and Kim Jong formed the Axis Powers and defeated A-Rich. Team H rolled Team Pav. The Commish moved to 4-0. Tampa II holds the distinction of the only year in which the golf was the sideshow.

A hibachi banquet, then a walk across the street to MacDinton’s, where the trophy was drunk from. The book calls it likely the most fun night in Cup history.

Sports Moment in Time. Trevor Lawrence led the Jags from 27-0 down to defeat the Chargers, as the field took a bad beat at the shuffleboard bar.

The field at hibachi, from the oral history.
Hibachi becomes a tradition

Year 5

Orlando II

A return to Orlando, and to Orange County National, which the book calls the premier LIV track of the year. Seany Robs assumed the captaincy, looking for his first win of any kind.

A kerfuffle with a curmudgeonly starter, Stalin and Kim Jong at the forefront, left players not riding with their opponents. Results were matched from scorecards on Saturday night.

Whispers concerned Timmy Weitzel’s putting. In a matchup of two soon to be fathers, Tim had the better of A-Rich. The author of the book played inspired ball to get Seany in the win column, but alas.

Team Austin held off a Sunday charge to win in a rainy finish. After lunch the field still went back out for the Bonus 9 in the rain. Hibachi became a tradition. Weitzel entered the win column after years of disappointment. Despite shaky play, the Commish remained undefeated.

Following another heartbreak, Captain Rubenstein took an indefinite hiatus from the Rosedale Cup.

Sports Moment in Time. The Chiefs crushed Tua’s Dolphins in the coldest playoff game ever. The book records that they barely watched it.

Year 6

San Diego

The field meant to sit Fort Myers. A hurricane killed that plan, and they sat San Diego instead, Will’s city. Austin, coming off a winning captaincy, had already trusted Ship Sticks with his clubs. They were lost for good.

Commissioners Campbell and Brownlow assumed their captaincies. Brownlow appeared to draft the much stronger team, then parlayed the draft into a lucrative night at the poker table. KJ made his debut and played his best golf in years, though a scramble pairing with Pav did not survive it.

Captain Brownlow nearly melted down in the scramble, then canned a 15-footer on 18 to preserve a 1-up victory. Ward conceded a putt to Campbell while beating the brakes off of him in singles, then missed two-footers on 7 and 8 and halved the match. KJ then beat the brakes off of Ward.

The Cup finished with its tightest margin ever. Lems two-putted from eighty feet on 18 to give Team Brownlow the victory. If that is the last of him, he capped a Hall of Fame career in style. Commissioner Campbell finally lost the Cup, during his own captaincy, and placed Pav on a PIP after an 0-4 showing.

Sports Moment in Time. Jalen Carter sacked Matthew Stafford, with the Birds set to choke and Pav and Austin set to destroy Ward. The Birds went on to win the Super Bowl. Sports Moment in Time II. The Commies shocked the Lions on the way to the NFC title game, while the field was at the bar.

Looking forward to another great year. Andrew Ward, 6x player, 3-3 record. The archive is incomplete. Further papers will follow.

A white visor with a centered white rose and the letters RC in black beneath it.

Members only

The Shop

A small locker of the house

The visors

A pair for the field

Two visors. One with a rose you can see, and the letters sitting under it. One with a small can beside RC.

Held for the seventh playing

A white visor with a centered white rose and black RC letters stacked beneath it.

The rose

Rose visor

A white visor. A white rose, centered, that you can see. The letters RC in black, sitting under the bloom.

A white visor with gold RC and a small embroidered can beside the letters. The brim is empty.

The can

Can visor

A white visor. The letters RC in gold. A small can stitched beside them on the front band. The brim is left empty.

A baseball cap in Hawaiian red and purple print with the word GOLF in white block letters.

Tampa II

Pav’s Dumbass Hat

Hawaiian print, red and purple. The letters GOLF in white block across the front. Captain Pav forgot the captains gifts at Tampa II and bought out the pro shop of its block-letter hats. The field has worn them since.

A navy caddie cap on linen.

The cap

Caddie hat

A navy cap for the bag. Soft brim. Nothing on it but the work.

A green leather bag tag stamped VII.

The bag

Bag tag · VII

Green leather, brass plate, stamped VII. For the bag that makes the trip.

A forest-green quarter zip folded on polished wood.

The layer

Club quarter zip

Masters green. A quiet layer for the house and the first tee.

A cream linen caddie towel with a green stripe.

The towel

Linen caddie towel

Cream linen, a green stripe. For the bag and the brow.

Further in the locker

The Deep Cut

Obscure kit of the house. None of it is for sale. A request is a mark in the locker only.

An aged brass divot tool with a mother-of-pearl inlay in the handle.

The green

Brass divot tool

Two prongs, aged brass, a slip of pearl in the handle. For the mark you leave, and the one you repair.

A mother-of-pearl golf ball marker engraved with a rose, beside a white golf ball.

The disc

Pearl ball marker

Mother-of-pearl, a rose cut into it. For the green, not the pocket.

An olive canvas shag bag with a leather strap, golf balls at the mouth.

The practice

Shag bag

Olive canvas, a leather strap. For the balls you find and the ones you lose.

A dark wooden tee caddy with a top well and a small drawer, both filled with wooden tees.

The tee

Wooden tee caddy

A small box of the old kind. Tees stood in rows. Nothing plastic, nothing printed.

A dark leather pencil sleeve with a wooden scorecard pencil tucked inside.

The card

Scorecard pencil sleeve

Leather, for the stub that marks the card. A gentleman does not lose his pencil in the cart.

A navy rain hood for a golf bag, folded on linen, with snap buttons and a drawstring.

The weather

Rain hood

For the bag, not the man. When January remembers it is January.

A six-inch brass stymie measure with a sliding gauge, engraved STYMIE.

A relic

Stymie measure

The stymie is dead. The measure is not. Six inches of brass, for an argument no longer in the book.

The face

Groove cleaner

A pick for the grooves. Quiet work between holes. No one should notice you using it.

The door

Shoe bag

For the spikes that do not enter the house. Canvas, a drawstring, a name tape if you must.

The break

Green-reading notebook

A small book. The break is written, then forgotten. Sunday does not consult Friday’s notes.

The shop is not yet taking orders for VII. A request is kept in the locker until the Committee opens the book.

Notes of the house

For Guests

A gentleman of the Cup is known by how he treats the house and the field. These notes are for guests, and for members who bring them.

Attire
A collared shirt. Trousers, or shorts that would pass at a proper club. Soft spikes. Gym kit stays in the bag. Hats come off indoors at dinner.
Phones
Silent. No phones on the tee or the green. No photographs of the field without leave.
Pace
Keep up. Ready golf. Eighteen is not a meeting.
The house
One house, not a hotel. Shoes off if the house asks. The kitchen is shared. Last man up does not leave it a wreck.
Guests of Pav
Guests of Pav will not be admitted nor considered.
The course
Repair your marks. Rake the bunkers. No music from a speaker.
The Cup
Friday eighteen. Saturday thirty-six. Sunday eighteen. The ballot is in the members’ rooms.

Members’ Entrance

Until the first tee of VII

The Rosedale Cup VII · 2027

MMXXVII

Photographs: Daniela Ivanescu, a fairway in mist (Unsplash); Ryan Caven, the clubhouse and the flag (one, two). Crest of the Rosedale Cup. Cup photographs from the oral history. Fares observed 12 August 2026.